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- W2184045440 abstract "This paper calculates the socially optimal level of illiquidity in a retirement savings system. We study an environment in which time-inconsistent agents face a tradeoff between commitment and flexibility (cf. Amador, Werning and Angeletos 2006). For this analysis, we assume that the agent has access to two accounts: a perfectly liquid account and an illiquid retirement savings account with an early withdrawal penalty (0% ≤ ≤ 100%) When agents have homogeneous present-biased preferences (with short-run discount factor ), we find that the socially optimal retirement savings account should have a penalty that is approximately equal to the level of present bias, 1−In this case, the penalty roughly offsets the present bias of the representative agent. For example, if =0 7, then the socially optimal early withdrawal penalty rate is approximately 30%. However, when agents have heterogeneous preferences, with a range of values, we find that optimal policy disproportionately addresses the needs of low agents. In an illustrative calibration with values distributed uniformly between 0.1 and 1 (with a mean value of 0.55), we find that the optimal savings system is characterized by a retirement savings account that is essentially perfectly illiquid (i.e., with an early withdrawal penalty rate of ' 100%) In other words, our analysis with heterogeneous preferences suggests that savings should be divided between two accounts: one account that is completely liquid and one account that is completely illiquid (like a defined benefit pension plan)." @default.
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- W2184045440 date "2014-09-26" @default.
- W2184045440 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2184045440 title "Optimal Illiquidity in the Retirement Savings System" @default.
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