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- W2184104710 abstract "The early life history of Pacific hake. Merluccius productus. is described from laboratory and field studies. At ambient temperatures (11 0_13°C) egg hatching takes about 100-120 hours; complete absorption of the yolk takes about 150-200 hours. Respiration rates for first feeding larvae at 12°C are 4.8-6.8 I'l/mg per hour. Growth rates for at least the first 20 days are slow compared with other larvae in the California Current. First-feeding hake larvae require a daily ingestion of about 0.13 calories. In this study I present information on the early life history of Pacific hake, Merluccius produc tus, including rates of development, starvation, growth, and metabolism. I have also used sam ples from Ahlstrom (1959) and others to examine the vertical distribution of eggs and larvae by size class. My objectives in examining these life history processes are to 1) evaluate the hypothe sis that the availability offood directly after com plete yolk-sac absorption is the critical factor in survival of larval Pacific hake and 2) to deter mine the relative length of time Pacific hake are in egg and yolk-sac stages and are most vulner able to invertebrate predators. The early life history of Pacific hake repre sents an interesting contrast to other fishes that spawn off the coast of California, including the northern anchovy, Engraulis mordax, and the Pacific mackerel, Scomberyaponicus. Compared with these other species the early life history of Paciiic hake has been little studied. It is known that hake larvae live below the mixed layer in colder water, and that first-feeding larvae have large mouths, so they can feed on a wide spec trum of food particles (Ciechomski and Weiss 1974; Sumidaand Moser 1980). Boththe anchovy and mackerel have been subject to intensive in vestigation as models of the causes of egg and larval mortality. Eggs and larvae of both anchovy and mackerel are found within the warm upper mixed layer (Ahlstrom 1959). Compared with hake larvae, anchovy and mackerel have rela tively small mouths at first feeding; thus, the size" @default.
- W2184104710 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2184104710 date "1982-01-01" @default.
- W2184104710 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2184104710 title "The early life history of the Pacific hake, Merluccius productus." @default.
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