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• W2184355598 abstract "Juvenile salmon were captured in June and July 1993 with a surface townet in the northern portion of Cook Inlet, a glacially turbid estuary. Hydroacoustic sampling indicated that most fish targets were in the top 2 m of the water column. Many salmon juveniles, particularly chinook Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, sockeye O. nerka, and coho O. kisutch, moved rapidly out of the sampling area, although residence in northern Cook Inlet extended into mid July. Chum salmon O. keta were more abundant than any other salmon species in northern Cook Inlet, and by July were widely distributed throughout the study area. Diets of juvenile salmon in June were similar to those reported in other studies, calanoid copepods, fish larvae, and other zooplankton being abundant in stomachs. Chum salmon, followed by pink salmon O. gorbuscha, fed most intensively. Drift insects were an important part of chum salmon diets in June and predominated the diet of all species in July. Heavy feeding on drift insects demonstrated by all juvenile salmon was probably a response to high turbidities reducing feeding efficiency and effecting a nearsurface orientation. Apparent growth in chum salmon juveniles was within the reported range for other regions. During July, both chum and pink salmon juveniles rearing in northern Cook Inlet achieved growth rates and condi­ tions comparable to those of nearby Prince William Sound, which is not glacially occluded. INTRODUCTION ies throughout the North Pacific, studies of such habi­ tat use within Cook Inlet are rare (Blackburn 1977). Pacific salmon juveniles feed and grow rapidly as they We found no such studies in northern Cook Inlet, which move through coastal estuaries toward the Pacific supports numerous stocks of salmon, including major Ocean. In Prince William Sound,Alaska, for example, runs in the Susitna and Chakachatna River systems pink Oncorhynchus gorbuscha and chum O. keta and smaller runs in other drainages, including the Bel­ salmon fry emigrate from freshwater streams to the uga and Little Susitna Rivers (Barrett et al. 1984, 1985; nearshore region in April and May; they rear in the Thompson et al. 1986; Bartlett 1992). There is ample sound through early summer, leaving for open ocean documentation of emigration from and immigration by mid August after substantial growth (Wertheimer to northern Cook Inlet river systems (Roth and Stratton and Celewycz 1996). This early marine residence is a 1985; Roth et al. 1986), but the period immediately critical period in marine life history because most morfollowing entry into marine waters has not been stud­ tality suffered in the marine environment occurs duried. Although juveniles of all 5 eastern Pacific salmon ing the first few months (Heard 1991; Salo 1991). species move through the inlet during their seaward Extremely rapid growth during this period reduces vulmigration, a combination of ex nerability to predation during the later period of resi­ dence in the open ocean. Although patterns of habitat use by juvenile Pacific salmon have been documented in many estuarAuthor: LAWRENCE MOULTON is a fisheries biologist with MJM Research, 5460 NE Tolo Road, Bainbridge Island, WA 98110. Acknowledgments: Dr. Richard Thorne and Paul Salamone of BioSonics — hydroacoustic sampling and analysis. Dr. Paul Dinnel of Dinnel Marine Research — processing of plankton and prey samples. Brenda Rogers of Aquamarine Research — read scales. Captain Larry Cabana, assisted by Scott Wentz, of the sampling vessel FV Silver Beach — vessel support and gear. Ken Tarbox, ADF&G Soldotna, Marty Bozeman, ARCO Alaska Inc., and Mason Bryant, U.S. Forest Service — reviewed the manuscript. Project Sponsorship: The study was funded by ARCO Alaska, Inc., as predevelopment studies for the Sunfish Oilfield Project in northern Cook Inlet." @default.
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• W2184355598 date "1997-01-01" @default.
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• W2184355598 title "Early Marine Residence, Growth, and Feeding by Juvenile Salmon in Northern Cook Inlet, Alaska" @default.
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