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• W2184769360 abstract "In the last few years, China has had a spectacular economic development and has come to play an increasingly important role in the world economy. For a long time, the Chinese economy was a centrally-planned economy in which all companies were owned by the state. In 1978 China started an economic reform. In the beginning, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, trade was opened to the outside world and the Contract Responsibilities System was implemented in agriculture. By the end of the 1980s China had almost solved its food shortage problems. Around 1990 six special economic zones were established, including the Shanghai Pudong zone, which was a pioneer attracting foreign capital. The reforms of the late 1980s and early 1990s focused on the creation of a pricing system, which was achieved using a dual track pricing system, and on decreasing the role of the state in resource allocations. Increasingly competitive sectors, such as distribution, were opened to private enterprise and foreign capital. Overall, the Chinese economic reform has been a spectacular economic success which has generated rapid economic growth over two decades and the country has moved from a centrally planned economy towards a market economy, especially since China became a member of the WTO. The reform has brought about an increase of industrialization, a higher population concentration in urban areas, and has solved the shortage problems. Before the reform, all companies were state owned. In fact, there were no entrepreneurs. After 20 years of growth, company ownership has experimented unprecedented changes. On the whole, non-state-owned companies can now be more involved in sectors that used to be monopolized by state-owned companies. Except for the sectors of electricity , telecommunications, oil and even the defence industry. Current Chinese entrepreneurs come from four types of companies: state-owned companies, former state-owned companies turned into stock companies, private companies, and foreign fund companies or joint-ventures. They are a new emergent class, which was difficult to forecast; but, as Den Xiaoping said, “Be the cat white or be the cat black, it is the clever cat who will catch the mouse.” Our goal is success. In spite of background differences, Chinese entrepreneurs have many things in common. They are familiar with the business situation in China and with Chinese culture. They are firm, resolute and persistent, and they are eager to learn. They also have some flaws: Some lack training in marketing and business administration skills. Some are still" @default.
• W2184769360 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2184769360 date "2005-01-01" @default.
• W2184769360 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W2184769360 title "The Chinese Economic Reform and Chinese Entrepreneurship" @default.
• W2184769360 hasPublicationYear "2005" @default.
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