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• W2185175302 abstract "Time-averaged death assemblages of molluscan shells sieved from seafloors during conventional biological surveys represent an important under-exploited resource for retrospective evaluation of the magnitude and nature of recent community change. Benthic biologists usually discard these death assemblages (DAs) be- cause of concerns for postmortem bias and time averaging of multiple generations. However, quantitative syn- thesis of ~100 comparisons establish that the time-averaged nature of DAs can be used to advantage in conservation biology. The strongest correlate of poor live-dead (LD) agreement is the magnitude of anthropo- genic eutrophication of the water body (AE), because the DA retains a memory of the former abundance of spe- cies that are now rare or absent in the living assemblage. In areas with a known history of AE, seagrass-dwelling species tend to be significantly more abundant dead than alive, and species that prefer organic-rich sediments or tolerate low-oxygen episodes tend to be more abundant alive than dead. Bottom-trawling (BT) of seafloors for fin- and shell-fish is also associated with LD mismatch but only in gravelly habitats where species are generally not naturally adapted to frequent physical disturbance. The overall degree of LD mismatch and the identities of the species most responsible for that mismatch can thus be used to recognize AE and BT in areas where human activities are unknown or unregulated. Further, LD agreement is remarkably high in areas unaffected by human activities, so LD analysis can also be used to identify regions that can serve as restoration baselines. The high LD agreement found in pristine settings is also the current best estimate of how confidently we can reconstruct, in presented degraded areas, what the local living community was originally like, using DAs extracted from historic layers of sediment cores. LD comparison fails to detect ecological change in almost half of all habitats where human stresses definitely exist, and thus this is a conservative tool that will tend to under-estimate human impacts. However, given the scarcity of information on present-day communities and especially on their recent past, historical ecological information is at a premium and LD comparisons will be valuable." @default.
• W2185175302 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2185175302 creator A5038242311 @default.
• W2185175302 date "2009-01-01" @default.
• W2185175302 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W2185175302 title "EVALUATING HUMAN MODIFICATION OF SHALLOW MARINE ECOSYSTEMS: MISMATCH IN COMPOSITION OF MOLLUSCAN LIVING AND TIME-AVERAGED DEATH ASSEMBLAGES" @default.
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• W2185175302 hasPublicationYear "2009" @default.
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