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- W2185247911 abstract "While in Western literature pilgrimage and tourism seem by nature to be dichotomous concepts—tourism being related to the profane and pilgrimage to the sacred—in Japanese culture no such contradiction exists and the two have developed side by side. A tourist has been defined as “one who travels for pleasure or culture, visiting a number of places for their objects of interest, scenery, or the like.” In contrast, a pilgrim is defined as “one who journeys to some sacred place as an act of religious devotion” (Oxford English Dictionary 1989). The important difference between the definitions is the issue of purpose: a pilgrimage being “an act of religious devotion,” rather than an activity designed primarily for novelty and change. The issue of purpose for Japanese travellers is unclear for two reasons. Firstly, the divisions between the sacred and the profane, the godly and the worldly are much less clearly defined in Japanese society, so pilgrimage and travel can be viewed as complementary and not in any way opposite patterns of behaviour. Secondly, pilgrimage was the only option open to common people to justify travel, and was often used as the tatemae (‘official purpose’), if only in order to get around tight travel restriction in Tokugawa Japan. True intent cannot, therefore, be clearly established. From the earliest period of Japanese history, the distinction between the two activities has always been obscure. The pilgrimages of courtiers were also pleasure trips, as we know from their diaries (Keene 1999). Likewise, while the journeys of common people did have sacred places as their destination, an important part of the trip was the" @default.
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- W2185247911 date "2008-01-01" @default.
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- W2185247911 title "JAPANESE TRAVEL CULTURE: AN INVESTIGATION OF THE LINKS BETWEEN EARLY JAPANESE PILGRIMAGE AND MODERN JAPANESE TRAVEL BEHAVIOUR" @default.
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