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• W2185959080 abstract "New, energy-efficient and environmentally acceptable, catalytic processes have been identified that can use excess high purity carbon dioxide as a raw material from synthesis gas and other sources available in a chemical production complex. The chemical production complex in the lower Mississippi River corridor has been used to show how these new plants can be integrated into this existing infrastructure using the Chemical Complex and Cogeneration Analysis System. About 100 published articles of laboratory and pilot plant experiments were reviewed that describe new methods and catalysts to use carbon dioxide for producing commercially important products. Reactions have been categorized as hydrogenation reactions producing alcohols; hydrocarbon synthesis reactions producing paraffins and olefins; amine syntheses producing methyl and higher order amines; and hydrolysis reactions producing alcohols and organic acids. Also carbon dioxide can serve as an oxygen source in the ethylbenzene-to-styrene reaction, and it can be used in dehydrogenation and reforming reactions. The criteria for process selection included operating conditions, energy requirement for reactions, )Ho and equilibrium conversion based on Gibbs free energy, )Go; and thermodynamic feasibility of the reactions, catalyst conversion and selectivity, cost and life (time on stream to deactivation), and methods to regenerate catalysts. Also included were demand and potential sales of products and market penetration. In addition, cost of raw materials energy, environmental, sustainable and other manufacturing costs were evaluated along with hydrogen consumption for hydrogenation reactions. About 20 potential processes were identified as candidates for new energy efficient and environmentally acceptable plants. From these, three of the more promising were selected for further evaluation using HYSYS. These processes were hydrogenation of propane, styrene from ethyl benzene and carbon dioxide, and methanol from hydrogenation of carbon dioxide. A base case of existing plants a chemical production complex in the lower Mississippi river corridor was developed that included ten multiple plant production units. The System was used with the base case and potentially new plants for carbon dioxide, and an optimal configuration of plants was determined based on economic, environmental and sustainable costs. A comparison of the base case with the optimal one showed that the profit increased about 49%, the environmental cost increased about 21%, and sustainable costs decreased about 9.36%. These results illustrated the capability of the Chemical Complex and Cogeneration Analysis System to select an optimum configuration of plants in a chemical production complex and incorporate economic, environmental and sustainable costs. These results are typical of what can be expected from applying the System to existing chemical production complexes worldwide. The Chemical Complex and Cogeneration Analysis System has been developed by industry-university collaboration, and the System is available from the LSU Minerals Processing Research Institute’s web site www.mpri.lsu.edu at no charge." @default.
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• W2185959080 date "2003-01-01" @default.
• W2185959080 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2185959080 title "Identifying and Developing New, Carbon Dioxide Consuming Processes" @default.
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