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- W2186852488 abstract "Maduru Oya National Park (58,850 ha) was established as o new consewation areq in the Accelerated Mahaweli Development Programme, mainly to accommodate some of the estimated 800 elephants that were displaced by the development activities. Prior to the development, the area was inhabited by elephants belonging to the subspecies Elephas maximus vilaliya referred to as the Marsh elephant. A preliminary study was carried out to determine the status of the elephantsin the park from June to December 1989 in which a totalof 1,162 animals were recorded in 87 obseruations. The population was characterized by female-biqsed sex ratios and adult-dominated age structures. The overall averqge adult male:female ratio was I:2.4, but emong the herds and bond groups it was l:6. Tuskers were few and represented just 0.5Vo of the total population but made up3.2%o of the adult males. The populntionwas characterized by both large group sizes and herd sizes. The largest group size observed was 65, while the largest herd obsertted had 52 animals. Stressful conditions brought about by the presence of human settlements and the reduction of habitat may have Ied to the formationof such large groupings. Both bulls and groups showed the highest activity during the late evenings. The population appears to be breeding well. Although calves were seen regularly during the study period, yet the calving intensity was not constant. More calves were observed in the wet season than during the dry season. The limited data points to an cverage calving interval of 5.6 years. The poor quality of food resources available to the elephants within the park could be one of the reasons for the movement of elephants into cultivated areas which offer more energy rich food. Given this situation, containing elephants within the boundaries of the park is dfficult. Although the population is not yet adversely affected by poaching (given the inherently low numbers of tuskers in the area), the mitigation of human-elephant conflict remains the key to the long-term surt,ival of the elephants in the park." @default.
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- W2186852488 date "2001-01-01" @default.
- W2186852488 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2186852488 title "Observations on Elephants in the Maduru Oya National Park' Sri Lanka (Mammalia, Elephantidae)" @default.
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