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• W2186954399 abstract "Abslract Trampling caused changes in the species composition of subalpine vegeratioo in the Bighoro Crags, Lemhi Counry, of certral Idaho. While overall plant cover predictably decreased, ccrtain species incrcascd in both pcrcent cover and percent ftequenca on lightly used campsites. Two of these. Eigetu Peregi/6 (Pursh.) Greene and Antenlza a lanata (Hook.) Greene may he usctul as indicators of incrcasing uselntroduclion Indicator species have long been 'used for a variety of purF)ses: to locate metal delnsits or othef soil constitueots, to detetmine habitat typg and to determine range condition and trend (Stoddart er al. 197), Datbenmite 1959). In this paper I propose an additional use of indicator species. My work in the Idaho Primitive Atea suggests that certaio plant species may serve as eady indicators of overuse on campsltes. Trampling of camping areas reduces plant cover, ultimately creating an area of bare cornpacted soil which then erodes rapidly- lSee Sills and Carrow (1981) for discussio!. and references on the relation of vegetal cover, litter, and bare ground to erosion; see also Liddle (1975) for a review of the literature on the numerous effects of trampling.] Particulady in subalpine aod alpine areas, a site at this stage will take decades to recover (Strand 1972, Willard and Mar 1971). This is a particular problem in maoy parts of the national wilderness system where maoagefs are attempting to minimize the visible impact of man. A plaot slxcies that has higher cover v/ith moderate amounts of use could indicate deterioration of site condition before erosion became so serious rhat restofatioo was nearly impossible. Torking in a dune ecosystem in Massachusetts, McDonoell (1981) fouod such a species, the beach gtass Ammophila breoiligulata Fernald. Long-term moderate trampling had no effect on total cover of the community, but the cover of A, breriligulata increased whereas the other dominant species in the community, Hudrcn;a tolnentoJd Nutt., was almost elimioated. McDonnell's data support the use of pure stands of A, breuiligulata to indicate moderate use levels. Before the val re of species as indicators can be evaluated, changes in species composition must be documented. Although many workers in many Imrts of the wodd have observed loss of ground cover with increased trampling, relatively few have considered the effect of trampling on individual spcies. In general, sedges and grasses resist trampliog better tharr forbs (Cole 1978, Landals and Scotter 197], Burden and Randerson 1972, Palmet 7972, Lai.tg 1961). Species composition shifts to native invaders, exotics, drought-resistant species, and rhose that can tolerate puddling and trampling (Crawford and Liddle 1977, LiddIe aod Greig-Smith 1975, Helgath 1975, Westholf 7967, Bates 1935). To document this chaoge in species composition for one area, I under" @default.
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• W2186954399 date "1985-01-01" @default.
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• W2186954399 title "Indicator Species for Assessing Overuse of Campsites" @default.
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