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• W2186972622 abstract "Of the many problem soils in Malaysia, the raised coastal sand dunes soil, also locally known as ‘BRIS’ or ‘Jambu Series’ soil (USDA Albic Quartzipsamment) is among the most challenging. The main hectarage lies along the coast of Kelantan, Terengganu and Pahang which experience extreme hot weather during dry season and flooding during wet season (Shamsuddin 1990). The topsoil (99% sand) usually exceeds one meter depth and have poor water and nutrient retention properties. Leaf scorching and plant wilting are widespread during dry season when air and surface soil temperatures are high especially in the afternoon (Amir 1999). Besides the sandy nature, soil heterogeneity is a common feature. Pockets of high carbon occur due to organic material accumulation. H y b r i d s b e t w e e n A c a c i a m a n g i u m a n d A. auriculiformis are of interest for plantation establishment because they may combine the better form of A. mangium with the low heart rot incidence of A. auriculiformis. A plantation of Acacia hybrid was established at FRIM substation in Setiu in 2002 as a trial plantation on BRIS soil. At stand age of three years old, visual observation showed high variability in tree growth within the 1 ha area. At one corner, trees grew vigorously and produced an abundance of litter while at another, trees exhibited very poor growth with high mortality. To understand better the cause for these differences, soil and foliar samples were collected from the two contrasting sites and analyzed. The study plot is located on undulating terrain of 2° slope, with the lower and poorer site in the south. The area was originally occupied by Melaleuca sp., A. mangium, short bushy plants and wild grasses. Meteorological data recorded on the site showed high rainfall during monsoonal season (October to December) with an annual average of 2800 mm for three consecutive years. The Acacia hybrid was propagated in FRIM’s laboratory from tissue culture and raised in the nursery for six months before transplanting. Planting holes were dug without clearing the sites to avoid extreme soil temperature. The size of each hole was 1 m 3 and the holes were filled back with mineral soil, coconut husk and chicken dung upon planting. These planting media were added to improve water retention capacity and to provide additional nutrients to the soil. Seedlings were planted at 3 × 5 m and during the dry season, plants were watered occasionally. Compound fertilizer (NPK 15:15:15) was broadcasted around the canopy area yearly during moist season at 200 g tree -1 . Soil and foliar samplings were carried out based on two comparative classifications, namely, good and poor growth sites. In each site, eight sampling locations were marked randomly. In each location, soils were taken from three different spots and combined into one composite sample and properly mixed. Exposed matured leaves from standing trees were collected for nutrient analysis. These samples were brought back to the laboratory, dried, ground and analyzed to determine their nutrient concentration. Tree height and dbh (diameter at breast height) were measured for all trees available at the good and poor sites. From our study, we observed that survival rate was low at the poor site with only 53% sur vival compared with 87% at the good site (Table 1). Tree height and dbh were also higher at the good site. The average height of the trees at the good site was 729 cm while that at the poor site, 687 cm." @default.
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• W2186972622 date "2007-01-01" @default.
• W2186972622 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2186972622 title "GROWTH OF ACACIA HYBRID (A. MANGIUM × A. AURICULIFORMIS) ON COASTAL SANDY SOIL" @default.
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