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- W2187051986 abstract "AbStTUd In most fire investigations, fire damage patterns provide important clues regarbg the origin and cause of the fire. Historically, many fire investigations have relied on intuition to interpret fire patterns, the results of which have often been inconsistent with scientific principles. NFPA 921. Guide for Fire and Explosion Investigations, which advocates the scientific method for forensic investigations, includes a summary of many fire patterns stnd interprets them based on scientific disciplines such as fire dynamics, heat transfer, and materials science. But IWPA 921 does not address the fire pattern that appears on upholstered furniture when it is the fist item ignited. In this study, a test program was conducted to determine the nature and extent of fire patterns on upholstered furniture caused by smoldering versus flaming ignition sources. Smoldering fire patterns tended to consist of char zones with a thickness equal to that of the fuel element. Conversely, flaming fire patterns had thin char zones with thicknesses much smaller than the thickness of the fuel element. After a smolder-to-flame transition, rhe fire patterns created by smoldering were rapidly destroyed by the flames and replaced by flaming fire patterns. In nine tests out of ten, the origin of the fire was coincident with the location of a bumthrough (a penetration caused by the consumption of a fuel element) in the upholstered furniture item. However, asymmetric flame spread caused by unusual construction features could lead to bumthroughs in other locations. A bumthrough was observed in all six" @default.
- W2187051986 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2187051986 date "1998-01-01" @default.
- W2187051986 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2187051986 title "Fire Patterns on U holstered Furniture: Smolder ng versus Flaming P Combustion" @default.
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- W2187051986 hasPublicationYear "1998" @default.
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