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- W2187331092 abstract "Previous mathematical analyses of mutation-selection balance for metric traits assume that selection acts on the relevant loci only through the character(s) under study. Thus, they implicitly assume that all of the relevant mutation and selection parameters are estimable. A more realistic analysis must recognize that many of the pleiotropic effects of loci contributing variation to a given character are not known. To explore the consequences of these hidden effects, I analyze models of two pleiotropically connected polygenic traits, denoted P1 and l'~. The actual equilibrium genetic variance for PI, based on complete knowledge of all mutation and selection parameters for both PI and Pz, can be compared to a prediction based solely on observations of P1. This extrapolation mimics empirically obtainable predictions because of the inevitability of unknown pleiotropic effects. The mutation parameters relevant to PI are assumed to be known, but selection intensity is estimated from the within-generation reduction of phenotypic variance for P1. The extrapolated prediction is obtained by substituting these parameters into formulas based on single-character analyses. Approximate analytical and numerical results show that the level of agreement between these univariate extrapolations and the actual equilibrium variance depends critically on both the genetic model assumed and the relative magnitudes of the mutation and selection parameters. Unless per locus mutation rates are extremely high, i.e., generally greater than 1 0-4, the widely used gaussian approximation for genetic effects at individual loci is not applicable. Nevertheless, the gaussian approximations predict that the true and extrapolated equilibria are in reasonable agreement, i.e., within a factor of two, over a wide range of parameter values. In contrast, an alternative approximation that applies for moderate and low per locus mutation rates predicts that the extrapolation will generally overestimate the true equilibrium variance unless there is little selection associated with hidden effects. The tendency to overestimate is understandable because selection acts on all of the pleiotropic manifestations of a new mutation, but equilibrium covariances among the characters affected may not reveal all of this selection. This casts doubt on the proposal that much of the additive polygenic variance observed in natural populations can be explained %y mutation-selection balance. It also indicates the difficulty of critically evaluating this hypothesis. T is not known what accounts for the persistence of heritable polygenic I variation. Based on a mathematical analysis and empirical estimates of the This paper is dedicated to my friend and colleague John Gillespie on the occasion of his fortieth birthday." @default.
- W2187331092 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2187331092 date "1985-01-01" @default.
- W2187331092 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W2187331092 title "EFFECTS OF PLEIOTROPY ON PREDICTIONS FOR POLYGENIC TRAITS CONCERNING MUTATION-SELECTION BALANCE" @default.
- W2187331092 hasPublicationYear "1985" @default.
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