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• W2187490429 abstract "(GPS), installed in today's commercial aircraft enable the air traffic control (ATC) system to better utilize its airspace. This increased efficiency is essential if the ATC system is to meet its growing demand. Another approach to help increase airport capacity is to direct arrival traffic to final approaches with reduced lateral separations between parallel runways. Currently, efforts are already underway to increase airport capacity and efficiency by providing advanced automation to the ATC system. Research into ATC automation by NASA Ames Research Center in cooperation with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has led to the development of the Center TRACON Automation System (CTAS). CTAS is intended to provide better traffic management and planning information for the ATC environment to reduce delay and increase air traffic control efficiency for both the TRACON and the ARTCC (Center) (Erzberger, 1992). The TRACON component of CTAS is known as the Final Approach Spacing Tool (FAST). The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of aircraft equipped with improved navigational technology upon controller coordination and workload under precision approaches to closely-spaced parallel runways within the CTAS environment. BACKGROUND Scott, Dargue, and Goka (1991) examined the effects of adding MLS-equipped aircraft to the traffic flow in a series of simulations contrasting the effects of ILS- versus MLS-equipped aircraft upon airspace operations. The study varied the mixture of ILS- and MLS-equipped aircraft and found that controllers experienced difficulty integrating the two disparate types of traffic. The task of controlling the aircraft proved easier when the composition of MLS aircraft in the overall traffic flow was very low or very high. Overall, however, Scott et al. determined that MLS-equipped aircraft produced reduced flight time from feeder fix to touchdown and increased maximum arrival rates. The controllers participating in the study felt that MLS approaches could improve operations overall. An improvement in operations has also been demonstrated in the development of CTAS. The CTAS software has incorporated the input and active participation of controllers at all stages of the development process (Erzberger, 1992). Thousands of hours of simulations with controllers using FAST advisories has shown that FAST advisories increase airport capacity (Davis, Krzeczowski, & Bergh, 1994). Controllers themselves have often remarked that FAST advisories reduced their workload (Davis, Erzberger, Green, & Nedell, 1991). Based on such studies, we expect that the ratio of advanced navigation-equipped aircraft and conventional navigation-equipped aircraft would affect the level of coordination and workload experienced by the controllers. In addition, the presence of automated assistance to the controllers (in the form of advisories) should reduce the need for coordination required during mixed traffic conditions and lower the controllerOs workload. However, we also expect these issues to be complicated by the different approach types. Two different approach types were utilized: staggered and simultaneous. Staggered approaches require specific separations between aircraft on adjacent runways as well as between in-trail aircraft. Simultaneous, independent approaches have only in-trail spacing requirements (but do require final parallel monitors). Staggered approaches have been characterized as more complicated than simultaneous approaches (U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, 1991); consequently, we expect that greater coordination and workload will accompany staggered approach conditions. This study examined whether improved throughput could be observed under different approach types to closely-spaced parallel runways, and with aircraft that possessed advanced navigation devices." @default.
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• W2187490429 date "1995-04-01" @default.
• W2187490429 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W2187490429 title "Improved Navigational Technology and Air Traffic Control: A Description of Controller Coordination and Workload" @default.
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• W2187490429 doi "https://doi.org/10.21949/1403031" @default.
• W2187490429 hasPublicationYear "1995" @default.
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