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• W2187661666 abstract "Everyone undoubtedly remembers the 15,000 additional deaths in France caused by the heat wave in August 2003, yet no‐one knows the total number of victims at European scale. For this reason, the excess mortality cumulated during summer 2003 has recently been assessed at the request of the European Union. The study covers sixteen countries. The numbers of deaths are available for each day by gender, age and region (NUTS 2), since January 1st 1998, i.e. 19,098,574 non‐empty cells for the daily number of deaths. To be able to compare the years and European countries with very different population sizes, we have calculated the daily death frequency in relation to the yearly total number of deaths. We have defined standard boundaries, first and third quartile more or less 1.5*IQR (inter‐quartile range), to identify the extreme values and more or less 3*IQR to identify the exceptional extreme values. An analysis of the reference period ‐ 1998‐2002 ‐ shows that the day only explains between 2 and 3% of the variance in deaths observed during the summer period, whereas the year of observation and the country each explain between 5% and 6%. This is negligible and we can thus analyse the summer mortality in a single block. Three main mortality peaks are apparent during summer 2003: the peak on June 13th, the double peak on July 16th‐21th and lastly the peak on August 12th‐13th which seems exceptionally pronounced. We also observe a persistent excess mortality at the end of June and during September. Out of a total of 1,952 summer days corresponding to the sixteen countries studied, 147 exceed the boundaries marking the high extreme values, i.e. .7.5% of the total. Fifty days exceed the boundaries marking the exceptional values. In total, more than 80,000 additional deaths were recorded in 2003 in the twelve countries concerned by excess mortality compared to the 1998‐2002 period. Whereas 70,000 of these additional deaths occurred during the summer, still over 7,000 occurred afterwards. Nearly 45,000 additional deaths were recorded in August alone, as well as more than 11,000 in June, more than 10,000 in July and nearly 5,000 in September. The mortality crisis of early August extended over the two weeks between August 3rd and 16th. 15,000 additional deaths were recorded in the first week and nearly 24,000 in the second. The excess mortality in this second week reached the exceptional value of 96.5% in France and over 40% in Portugal, Italy, Spain and Luxembourg. Excess mortality exceeded 20% in Germany, Switzerland and Belgium and 10% in all the other countries." @default.
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• W2187661666 date "2003-01-01" @default.
• W2187661666 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W2187661666 title "Report on excess mortality in Europe during summer 2003" @default.
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