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• W2187807777 abstract "Introduction Large plate boundary earthquakes are known to induce time-dependent post-seismi c crus ta l deformation. For timescales of months to a few years, the deformat ion is cornmonly attributed to the continuing aseis mic slip of the co-seismically ruptured fault segment [e.g., Heki et al., 1997] and/or its downdip extensio n [e.g.• Barri entos and Ward, 1990]. The afters lip model is simple to use : usually the Earth is represented as an elastic halfspace ; but the viscoelastic rheology of the earth cannot always be ignored. For example, postglacial rebound analys is by James et al. [2000] indicates that the mantle viscosity in a forearc/backarc environment can be of the order of lQI9 Pa s. Regard less of the presence or absence of afterslip, a viscosity of this magnitude wiJJ give rise to mantle stress relaxation that may cau se post-seismic deformation, particularly for time-scales of decades or longer. In the proximity of the rupture zone and very shortly after the earthquake, it is usually diffi cult to distinguish between the contributions to post-seismi c deformation from fault afterslip and mantle relaxation [Pollitz et al. , 1998]. However, very large earthquakes, such as great subduction earthquakes of M > 9, may induce large stre ss in the mantle over a very broad region , and the rela xation of this stress may cause prolonged crustal deformation far away from the coseismic rupture zone. Not including the recent great Sumatra earthquake of 16/12 /2005 , there have been onl y two earth quakes of this type recorded in the past centu ry, and in both cases, seawa rd cru stal motion has been observed landward of the rupture region severa l decades after the occurrence of the events. Freymueller et al. [2000] reported simiJar motions for sites on the western Kenai Peninsula on Alask a, located 300 to 400 km from the trench. Freymueller et al. [2000] and Zweck et al. [200 2] attributed these unusual velocities to the continued post-sei smic response to the 1964 Mw9.2 Alaska earthquake and the absence of a shaJJow locked interface. Another example of trenchward oriented crustal motion was reported by Klotz et al. [2001] for the stations located Jandward of the 1960 Mw9.5 Chile earthquake rupture area. In the previous papers we have utilized the 3-D FEM models to explain these motions in terms of mantle stress relaxation, and estimate the mantle viscosity of the Ch ilean forearc /backarc." @default.
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• W2187807777 date "2005-01-01" @default.
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• W2187807777 title "Post-seismic deformation of the 1960 Chile earthquake or a silent-slip?" @default.
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