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• W2188563057 abstract "Restoration and management objectives and approaches are most effective when based on an understanding of ecosystem processes and the long- and short-term causes of disturbance (Wohl and others 2005). As detailed in previous chapters, several factors are critical in developing effective management strategies for streams and their associated meadow ecosystems in the central Great Basin. First, many streams and/or valley floors are still responding to a major drought that occurred almost 2000 years BP that stripped the hillslopes of available sediment and resulted in a natural tendency toward incision. Second, human disturbance has increased both the rate and magnitude of this incision. Since settlement of the Great Basin region in 1860, upland watersheds have undergone significant changes in land use, vegetation cover, and climate that have altered the hydrologic and sedimentologic regimes of the axial drainage system and its associated meadows. Many meadow complexes are at increased risk of incision because they often are located on valley floors with stepped profiles caused by side-valley alluvial fans in the longitudinal profile. While some of the stream systems and their associated meadow complexes have adjusted to the current hydrologic and sedimentologic regimes and are now in a quasi-equilibrium state, others are in a nonequilibrium state and are still actively incising. Consequently, return to pre-incision conditions is an unrealistic goal for these dynamic systems. Chambers and others (2004a) defined the goal of restoration and management activities as re-establishing and maintaining sustainable fluvial systems and riparian ecosystems that exhibit both characteristic processes and related biological, chemical, and physical linkages among system components (modified from Natural Research Council 2002). In this context, sustainable stream systems and meadow complexes exhibit natural variability yet maintain characteristic processes, including rates and magnitudes of geomorphic activity, hydrologic flux and storage, biogeochemical cycling and storage, and biological activity and production (Christensen and others 1996; Wohl and others 2005). Management objectives and approaches for central Great Basin meadow complexes must acknowledge the dynamic character of these ecosystems and focus on the current potential to support a given set of geomorphic, hydrological, and ecological conditions over a reasonable period of time (Chambers and others 2004a). The primary management objective should be to maintain and enhance meadow complexes by preventing further incision and avulsion where possible and by improving ecological conditions. The characterization of meadow complexes in the central Great Basin (Chapter 7) and discussion of basin sensitivity to disturbance (Chapter 5) illustrate that not all systems have responded similarly to natural and anthropogenic disturbance. Meadow ecosystems exhibit varying degrees of stream incision, groundwater lowering, and riparian vegetation degradation based on their geomorphic and hydrologic controls and disturbance history. Management plans must be based on careful assessment both of the dominant geomorphic and hydrologic controls and of the causes of disturbance at watershed, valley segment, and site scales. These plans also must consider the current magnitude of incision or degradation and the potential for stream stabilization and vegetation management. Important elements of meadow management are prioritizing which meadows to treat, establishing objectives on a meadow-by-meadow basis, identifying and selecting treatment options, evaluating success through monitoring, and using the results for adaptive management. Each of these tasks is briefly discussed below." @default.
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• W2188563057 date "2011-01-01" @default.
• W2188563057 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2188563057 title "Chapter 8: Meadow Management and Treatment Options" @default.
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