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• W2188564108 abstract "A combined geological and geophysical survey undertaken in Kimachia area of Meru County in central Kenya has established the existence of small scale iron ore deposit that seems to be part of a more extensive iron rich zone. The study has identified magnetite as the main ore in the geological formations. Kimachia iron can be classified as a sandstone deposit. The origin of the ore has not been established but, is obviously none magmatic. It is however possible that the ore deposits, like most iron ore deposits in the world, is formed from early Archean eon to late Precambrian. The study further established that the ore grade varies from medium to high quality. Alluvial iron rich sand deposits in the valley area were the first to be identified by use of simple magnets. Gravity surveys revealed a zone of high gravity anomaly aligned in the same direction as hills on the elevated topography. Further, magnetic methods conducted along the same stations used in the gravity survey revealed several zones with high magnetic anomalies coincident with the gravity anomalies characteristic of ferromagnetic rocks some of which have been magnetized over the hilly areas. Pitting in two selected zones within the gravity and magnetic anomalies confirmed the existence of the ore bearing rocks within a few feet of the surface. This paper presents results of a pilot study to establish the source of magnetite commonly found in alluvial sands in valleys and the lowlands in Kimachia area of Tigania in Meru County. The study that used geological and geophysical methods led to the discovery of a new localized iron ore deposit in the hilly parts of the area as the source of the magnetite. The study indicates that these deposits are part of a potentially extensive resource. The ore occurs in two forms; fine grained deposits that are mixed with the alluvial sand in the low lying areas and valleys, and rocky deposits found on the surrounding hills consisting of fist size rocks or larger similar to the well-known iron stones of Australia. The geophysical surveys show that the ore bearing minerals could be more extensive and deep. Pitting in selected parts of the area show that the ore occurs at a relatively shallow depth and even at the surface in some parts of the field. Chemical analysis of various samples show that the fine grained deposits in the valleys contain over 90% magnetite while rocks on the hills contains medium to high grade iron ore with 40-90% magnetite. The Isiolo-Meru area of Kenya has been a target for mineral exploration since 1940's (1). Of particular interest have been the granitic intrusions and relatively young Mbokoro Inlier that were seen to be part of basement rocks whose mineral bearing potential is well documented. However none of the early and subsequent surveys succeeded in locating any minerals. This failure to locate any useful minerals has been attributed to the thick soil cover from a series of volcanic activity during the formation of Mount Kenya and more recent lava flows associated with formation of the Nyambeni domes (2). Whereas this is possibly true the discovery reported here implies that either the thick soil cover has been eroded in some parts or the iron ore are due to later iron rich intrusions. 2. Geology The only detailed geological study of the Meru area was conducted by P. Mason in 1942 and 1952 and reported in 1956. The primary objective of the survey was to map granitic intrusions seen in several parts of the field that were considered possible source of valuable minerals. Based on this report, the Tigania area where Kimachia iron deposits occur is at the intersection of Nyambeni Range and the Lowlands. The two physiographic zones are part of the four geologic zones identified by Mason. The other two zones are the North-Eastern foot hills of Mount Kenya and the North- Western basement highland." @default.
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• W2188564108 date "2013-01-01" @default.
• W2188564108 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2188564108 title "Geophysical Exploration of Iron Ore Deposit in Kimachia Area in Meru County in Kenya, Using Gravity and Magnetic Techniques" @default.
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