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- W2189508710 abstract "One of the major factors that influencing traveling decision is related to the safely and security of tourists. This non economic factor such as natural disaster like earthquake and diseases or man made disasters like wars and political instability may greatly change traveling pattern and behavior. One of a good example was the 11 th September 2001 tragedy had greatly altered the international tourism scenario. As a result many tourists from the Muslim countries especially the Middle East countries have shifted their traveling destinations from the United States to new destinations which are more secured and safe to them. Among their new destinations are several ASEAN countries including Malaysia. Statistic has shown that the arrival of the Middle East tourists to the United States had declined sharply before and after the incidence. For example in 2000 about 249,260 Middle East tourists visited the USA but in 2002 and 2005 the numbers had decreased sharply to 126,613 and 144,131 respectively. Whereas their arrivals to Malaysia have shown an increasing trend. For example in 1998 about 19,571 arrivals were recorded. By 2002 and 2005 the numbers had increased significantly to 126,239 and 145,861. This paper is trying to investigate statistically did the 11 th September incidence is really a significant factor causing the increasing of their arrivals to Malaysia besides other economic factors such as tourist expenses in Malaysia, tourist income and traveling expenses at alternative tourism destinations. Due to lacking of time series data on tourist arrivals from the Middle East, panel analysis method will be utilized in estimating the importance of these factors. Empirical results have shown that the Fixed Effects method/model produced the best findings. Statistically the September 11 th incidence is significant in shifting the arrival the West Asian tourists to Malaysia. Overall results are acceptable. They are consistent with tourism demand theory and satisfying the statistical requirements." @default.
- W2189508710 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2189508710 date "2009-01-01" @default.
- W2189508710 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W2189508710 title "THE IMPACT OF SEPTEMBER 11 TH ON THE ARRIVAL OF MIDDLE EAST TOURISTS TO MALAYSIA" @default.
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