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- W2190936739 abstract "Publisher SummaryThis chapter discusses dog heartworm or Dirofilaria immitis, which is an important filarial nematode infection of dogs and canids primarily but can occur in other mammals and occasionally in humans. D. immitis is a filarial nematode in the superfamily Filarioidea (order Spirurida, class Chromadorea). The males are 12–20 cm in length and 0.7–0.9 mm in diameter, with a spirally coiled posterior end. The females are 25–31 cm in length and 1.0–1.3 mm in diameter. Mosquitoes transmit dog heartworm, which occupies the pulmonary arteries and the right ventricle of the heart. Usually no signs of infection are present in dogs until 8–9 months postinfection. Symptoms are generally related to the intensity of infection. The dog, with no signs of disease, may tolerate the presence of 25 worms. Symptoms such as reduced exercise tolerance and coughing increase significantly when the nematode burden doubles and serious symptoms appear, such as dyspnea (difficulty in breathing), hepatomegaly (enlargement of the liver), syncope (temporary loss of consciousness), and ascites. To eliminate this disease, an arsenical drug is currently approved for use in dogs, melarsomine hydrochloride, but pretreatment with ivermectin (StromectolR; Merck) to reduce heartworm mass is recommended. Treatment requires concomitant restriction of exercise and use of anti-inflammatory support to reduce the possibility of pulmonary thromboembolism from the dead heartworms. Microfilaria is eliminated by secondary treatment with ivermectin or milbemycin." @default.
- W2190936739 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2190936739 date "2009-01-01" @default.
- W2190936739 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W2190936739 title "Dog Heartworm" @default.
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- W2190936739 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-374144-8.00087-4" @default.
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