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- W2191628320 abstract "Corticosteroids are by far the most effective controllers used in the treatment of asthma and the only drugs that can effectively suppress the characteristic inflammation in asthmatic airways. By contrast, they are ineffective in suppressing pulmonary inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Corticosteroids activate and suppress many genes relevant to understanding their action in asthma and in other allergic diseases. At a cellular level, corticosteroids reduce the numbers of inflammatory cells in the airways, including eosinophils, T-lymphocytes, mast cells, and dendritic cells. These effects of corticosteroids are produced through inhibiting the recruitment of inflammatory cells into the airway by suppressing the production of chemotactic mediators and adhesion molecules and by inhibiting the survival in the airways of inflammatory cells. Inhaled anti-inflammatory drugs have now become first-line therapy in any patient who needs to use a β2-agonist inhaler more than two to three times a week and this is reflected in national and international guidelines for the management of chronic asthma. High dose inhaled corticosteroids may be used for the control of more severe asthma. This markedly reduces the need for maintenance oral corticosteroids. Patients with COPD have a poor response to corticosteroids in comparison to asthma with little improvement in lung function. High doses of inhaled corticoteroids have consistently been shown a reduction (20–25%) in exacerbations in patients with severe disease and this is the main clinical indication for their use. The efficacy of inhaled corticosteroids is now established in short- and long-term studies in adults and in children, but there are still concerns about side effects, particularly in children and when high-inhaled doses are used. Several side effects have been recognized." @default.
- W2191628320 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2191628320 creator A5030258071 @default.
- W2191628320 date "2009-01-01" @default.
- W2191628320 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
- W2191628320 title "Corticosteroids" @default.
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