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- W2193451337 abstract "Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the central role of the basal ganglia in the pathophysiology of stimulant addiction. It describes drug addiction as a compulsive incentive habit, which results from the progressive subversion by addictive drugs of striatum-dependent instrumental and Pavlovian learning mechanisms that are normally involved in the control over behavior by natural reinforcers. The basal ganglia are predominantly organized in functionally segregated parallel cortico-striato-pallido-thalamo-cortical loops involved in cognitive, motor and motivational processes. However, increasing evidence suggests that the neural organization of the basal ganglia is more complex, and that serial integrative projections may link motivational, emotional and motor functions in the establishment of instrumental behavior. Circuitry linking ventral and dorsal areas of the striatum via so-called spiraling connections with midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons is one aspect of this circuitry mediating the modulation by drug-associated Pavlovian incentive influences of drug seeking and taking instrumental responses that are themselves under the control of both action-outcome and stimulus-response (S-R) mechanisms. It suggest that protracted exposure to psychostimulants abnormally recruits these serial and dopamine-dependent striato-nigro-striatal ascending spirals linking the nucleus accumbens to more dorsal regions of the striatum, thereby underlying a shift from action-outcome to S-R mechanisms in the control over drug seeking. When this shift in the associative structure governing instrumental control over drug-seeking is combined with drug-associated Pavlovian influences from limbic cortical structures, such as the amygdala and the orbitofrontal cortex, drug seeking behavior becomes established as an incentive habit." @default.
- W2193451337 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2193451337 creator A5044645453 @default.
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- W2193451337 date "2010-01-01" @default.
- W2193451337 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W2193451337 title "Drug Addiction" @default.
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