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• W2193635304 abstract "Atherosclerosis is the major cause of cardiovascular diseases and it is responsible for a large proportion of mortality in the Western society. Initially, atherosclerosis was thought to be a degenerative disease that was an inevitable consequence of aging. The recent research has shown that atherosclerosis is a slowly pro‐ gressing inflammatory disease of the mediumand large-sized arteries, resulting in the formation of fatty and fibrous lesions. Inflammatory processes mark all stages of atherogenesis: from early endothelial activa‐ tion by modified lipids to eventual rupture of the atherosclerotic plaque. The inflamma‐ tion of the vessel wall is a feature of this pathology, which is characterized by infiltration and oxidation of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), increase in oxidative stress, with the consequent lipid accumulation in the vessel wall, and foam cells formation. The extensive relation between the immune system and vessels induce the infiltration of immune cells into the vascular wall, the major pathogenic step in atherogenesis. At this aim, reactive oxygen species play a crucial role activating a number of redox-sensitive transcriptional factors such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), which is involved in tran‐ scription of many genes with an established role in atherosclerosis, such as cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, acute phase proteins, regulators of apoptosis, and cell proliferation. Since its discovery in 1986, the transcription factor NF-κB has evoked large attention on the basis of its peculiar regulation, the abundance of activation stimuli, the different genes and biological responses controlled, the striking evolutionary conserva‐ tion of structure and function among family members, and its role in different human diseases. Recognition of the leading role of inflammation at all stages of pathogenesis focuses on the potential relationship between systemic inflammation and atherosclerosis and fuelled intense basic science, health, and clinical research. The understanding of the inflammation involvement in atherogenesis, atheroprogression, and its complications confirm the importance of traditional risk factors in this disease, such as high LDL levels. Indeed, inflammatory process can be considered a pathway that, © 2015 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. from mechanistic and functional points of view, suggests a connection with the known risk factors and alterations to the vessel biology that drive to atheroprogression and its complications. In this review, we discuss the transcription factor NF-κB and its potential role in athero‐ genesis and atheroprogression focusing on the major atherosclerotic factors regulated by NF-κB and how they may affect different steps in the atherosclerotic process." @default.
• W2193635304 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2193635304 creator A5042471736 @default.
• W2193635304 creator A5047638660 @default.
• W2193635304 creator A5081068826 @default.
• W2193635304 date "2015-12-02" @default.
• W2193635304 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W2193635304 title "NF-κB — A Key Factor in Atherogenesis and Atheroprogression" @default.
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