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• W2193901738 endingPage "e0139477" @default.
• W2193901738 startingPage "e0139477" @default.
• W2193901738 abstract "The teleost fishes represent over half of all extant vertebrates; they occupy nearly every body of water and in doing so, occupy a diverse array of environmental conditions. We propose that their success is related to a unique oxygen (O2) transport system involving their extremely pH-sensitive haemoglobin (Hb). A reduction in pH reduces both Hb-O2 affinity (Bohr effect) and carrying capacity (Root effect). This, combined with a large arterial-venous pH change (ΔpHa-v) relative to other vertebrates, may greatly enhance tissue oxygen delivery in teleosts (e.g., rainbow trout) during stress, beyond that in mammals (e.g., human). We generated oxygen equilibrium curves (OECs) at five different CO2 tensions for rainbow trout and determined that, when Hb-O2 saturation is 50% or greater, the change in oxygen partial pressure (ΔPO2) associated with ΔpHa-v can exceed that of the mammalian Bohr effect by at least 3-fold, but as much as 21-fold. Using known ΔpHa-v and assuming a constant arterial-venous PO2 difference (Pa-vO2), Root effect Hbs can enhance O2 release to the tissues by 73.5% in trout; whereas, the Bohr effect alone is responsible for enhancing O2 release by only 1.3% in humans. Disequilibrium states are likely operational in teleosts in vivo, and therefore the ΔpHa-v, and thus enhancement of O2 delivery, could be even larger. Modeling with known Pa-vO2 in fish during exercise and hypoxia indicates that O2 release from the Hb and therefore potentially tissue O2 delivery may double during exercise and triple during some levels of hypoxia. These characteristics may be central to performance of athletic fish species such as salmonids, but may indicate that general tissue oxygen delivery may have been the incipient function of Root effect Hbs in fish, a trait strongly associated with the adaptive radiation of teleosts." @default.
• W2193901738 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2193901738 creator A5008055496 @default.
• W2193901738 creator A5083104363 @default.
• W2193901738 date "2015-10-05" @default.
• W2193901738 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W2193901738 title "Root Effect Haemoglobins in Fish May Greatly Enhance General Oxygen Delivery Relative to Other Vertebrates" @default.
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• W2193901738 doi "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139477" @default.
• W2193901738 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4593521" @default.
• W2193901738 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26436414" @default.
• W2193901738 hasPublicationYear "2015" @default.
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