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- W2201974958 abstract "An 18-yr-old male orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus; ;85 kg) with limited previous history and no known previous radiographs was anesthetized for the animal’s first routine annual examination using ketamine (Diamondback Drugs, Scottsdale, Arizona 85251, USA; 220 mg i.m.) and medetomidine (ZooPharm, Laramie, Wyoming 82070, USA; 2.2 mg i.m.). Once induced, the animal was maintained on isoflurane (Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Deerfield, Illinois 60015, USA) in oxygen via an endotracheal tube. Additional ketamine (80 mg i.m.) was administered 1 hr later due to light anesthetic depth. On physical examination, cardiac and thoracic auscultation was unremarkable, and abdominal palpation did not reveal any abnormalities or masses. No lymphadenopathy was detected. However, an abnormal curvature was palpated in the lumbar spine. Survey thoracolumbar spinal radiographs were completed to determine a baseline for this animal. The orangutan recovered uneventfully from anesthesia after administration of atipamezole (Antisedan, Pfizer, New York, New York 10017, USA; 8.7 mg i.m.). Complete conscious neurologic examination was not possible; however, visual inspection of the orangutan’s movements pre- and postprocedurally showed no signs of motor deficits. Mentation and facial symmetry were normal. Urinary and fecal continence were observed. Three months after the initial imaging, the orangutan was anesthetized for advanced imaging of the animal’s thoracolumbar spine with ketamine (260 mg i.m.) and medetomidine (2.6 mg i.m.) and maintained on isoflurane in oxygen. Three additional doses of ketamine were administered for supplemental anesthesia during the procedure (100 mg i.m. each) to maintain appropriate anesthetic depth. Computed tomography (CT; Philips Brilliance 64, Philips, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; General Electric 3.0T Signa HDx, GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, USA) of the thoracolumbar spine were performed with the orangutan in dorsal recumbency. T1-weighted and T2-weighted images were obtained in the sagittal, axial, and coronal planes. The orangutan was returned to its enclosure and recovered uneventfully after administration of atipamezole (13 mg i.m.). Review the imaging in Figures 1 and 2 and provide a diagnosis." @default.
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- W2201974958 date "2015-12-01" @default.
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- W2201974958 title "CLINICAL CHALLENGE: DIAGNOSIS OF CONGENITAL KYPHOSIS VIA COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY AND MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN AN ORANGUTAN (PONGO PYGMAEUS)" @default.
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