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• W2202487641 abstract "50 million women use hormonal contraceptives in countries where breastfeeding is prolonged and widespread. This report reviews the findings of major literature reviews and bibliographies related to the general problem of lactation and the various forms of hormonal contraception in developing countries. These include the reviews of Chopra Pomerance Thomson et al Buchanan (in the Population Reports series) and the International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF). The main issues discussed in the present review are: 1) the effect of hormonal contraceptives on milk yield; 2) the effect of hormonal contraceptives on milk composition; and 3) secretion of hormones in breast-milk and their effects on infants. Related issues discussed briefly include the physiological process of lactation and lactational infecundity; studies of hormonal contraceptives and their side-effects in general; and the relation between lactation and other forms of contraception. Special attention is paid to methodological aspects of the research. The main recommendations to emerge from these reviews include variations on the following basic regiments: 1) relying on the contraceptive protection of lactation alone for the 1st 6-8 weeks followed by continued lactation and the use of low-dose progestogen or IUD or a long-acting method such as Depo-provera 2) the use of estrogen-free contraception as soon as family planning is desired followed by a switch to the more effective combined estrogen-progestogen preparations when mentruation resumes and full dependence on breast-feeding is nutritionally inadequate. In light of the findings future research priorities are outlined. They advocate: the use of control groups; more studies in rural environments; that individual countries or locations should give priority to research on their own most widely used preparations; that selection of a time to initiate contraception in an experiment should also reflect eventual program policies; that all studies should include pre-treatment observations at fixed points." @default.
• W2202487641 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2202487641 creator A5008049735 @default.
• W2202487641 date "1983-01-01" @default.
• W2202487641 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W2202487641 title "Research on the effects of hormonal contraceptives on lactation: current findings, methodological considerations and future priorities." @default.
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• W2202487641 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6670287" @default.
• W2202487641 hasPublicationYear "1983" @default.
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