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- W2202622017 abstract "Soapstock is the waste generated in the mill during refining of crude castor bean oil when sodium hydroxide reacts with the acid contaminants in the oil. Aside from the soap, the soapstock contains other organic matters in various stages of biochemical degradation while dumped in the lagoon, hence a source of air and water pollution. After determining the physical and chemical properties, the fresh soapstock sample was stirred, allowed to settle down and centrifuged. The residue, collected as Product 2, was found to contain nitrogen (4.17 percent), phosphorus (0.43 percent), potassium (0.22 percent) plus micronutrients. The liquid layer was treated with 10 percent sulfuric acid. Beige solid particles, formed at the surface of the reaction vessel, were scooped out. After vacuum-drying, the solid was transformed into a light brown oil (Product 1), with 17 percent average recovery. Using IR spectroscopy and GC analysis, the oil was found to contain free fatty acid mix occurring in the proportion of 61.3 percent recinoleic, 12.2 percent oleic, 12.2 linoleic, 5.1 percent palmitic and 4.1 percent stearic acids. Further analysis of the oil showed pH of 4-5, acid value of 150 and recinoleic acid content of 31 percent. The acid mix if purified and dehydrated, is an important industrial oil. The final liquid waste after recovery of the beige solid was crude sodium sulfate solution, a useful commercial salt" @default.
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- W2202622017 date "1997-01-01" @default.
- W2202622017 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2202622017 title "Chemical analysis and utilization of soapstock waste from refining castor (Ricinus communis L.) bean oil" @default.
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