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- W220535447 abstract "In psychiatry, the limitations imposed by the empiricist approach may lead us to explore an alternative approach, taking the psychiatric investigation setting as a starting point. Firstly, psychiatry deals with abnormal behaviour or experience requiring change. In cases where no change is desired by anyone, the behaviour or experience in question will fall outside the psychiatric scope. The desire for change may be expressed by the subject itself, or by someone else (parent, partner, society), through the formulation of a complaint (I feel down) or an accusation (He is acting in a compulsive way, he is so confused). Essential is that the psychic factor conveyed with the complaint and the accusation is not ignored, but is actually taken account of. The problem experienced may involve well-described symptoms (e.g., compulsion, anxiety or dissociation symptoms) or deeply ingrained personality traits (which may reflect character issues or a personality disorder). In such cases, we are faced with a phenomenon removed from what is familiar, or perhaps with a long-standing trait that we may consider odd nonetheless. It proves that anything considered odd or uncommon will only reveal itself against a backdrop of familiarity. This establishes the first connection between the psychiatric investigation setting and an interpretative approach. The issue of interpretation will present itself in any situation in which something is experienced as odd even though it occurs within a familiar framework.THE SIGNIFICANCE OF HERMENEUTICS TO PSYCHIATRYThe issue of interpretation is particularly relevant to situations in which something is experienced as odd despite occurring within a familiar framework. To interpret means to 'translate'. The learning of interpretation is also referred to as 'hermeneutics', which is derived from the Greek word 'hermeneuein', meaning to translate or interpret (Ineichen, 1 99 1 ). The need for interpretation will present itself whenever something is not quite clear or is uncommon to some extent. Interpretation is not required in cases where all is clear and obvious. If something is regarded as uncommon, removed from any frame of reference - as perhaps in the case of an non-understandable delusion or a grotesque crime - interpretation will not be possible. Interpretation is played out in polarity of familiarity and strangeness (Gadamer, 1960/1985), p. 262).The need for interpretation is felt not only in the psychiatric field, but even more so in daily life: human beings are self-interpreting animals (Taylor, 1985a, pp. 45-76). Man lives in a 'space of reasons', while having experience and world-directed thoughts, and manifesting meaningful action, all of them requiring justification and interpretation (Sellars, 1963; 1956/1997). People are creatures of interpretation, constantly assessing their own and other people's behaviour and experience: He says this, but he may well mean that; why is he acting up like this? Interpretation finds a unique application in the humanities: in the fields of history, the science of literature, cultural anthropology, law and, to some degree, in psychiatry. What was the significance of a particular political assassination (history)? What is the meaning of the theme of loss within a particular work of poetry (literature)? What is the significance of a particular 20th-century legal text to today's situation (law)? What is the psychopathological background of a particular crime (psychiatry)? Such questions belong to the field of hermeneutics, which deals with the actual process of interpretation ('the praxis of hermeneusis') as well as with selecting a particular type of interpretation ('a type of hermeneutics'), and finally with the principles, possibilities and limitations of interpretation ('philosophical hermeneutics'). What exactly is deemed acceptable as an interpretative procedure will vary widely among the various disciplines. Far from being a foreign body within the world of science, psychiatry's hermeneutical approach is in fact firmly and broadly anchored within hermeneutical tradition. …" @default.
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- W220535447 date "2012-01-01" @default.
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- W220535447 title "Five: Three Forms of Hermeneutics" @default.
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