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• W2207381010 abstract "Intracellular bacteria use strategies to establish infection in hosts and vectors. Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a tick-borne rickettsial zoonotic pathogen. Tick–host–pathogen interactions evolved to guarantee their development and survival. A. phagocytophilum uses similar strategies to establish infection in hosts and ticks. These strategies yield possibilities to control pathogen infection in both hosts and tick vectors. The tick-borne rickettsial pathogen Anaplasma phagocytophilum develops within membrane-bound inclusions in the host cell cytoplasm. This pathogen has evolved with its tick and vertebrate hosts through dynamic processes involving genetic traits of the pathogen and hosts that collectively mediate pathogen infection, development, persistence, and survival. Herein, we challenge the evidence of tick–host–pathogen coevolution by hypothesizing that A. phagocytophilum utilizes common molecular mechanisms for infection in both vertebrate and tick cells, including remodeling of the cytoskeleton, inhibition of cell apoptosis, and manipulation of the immune response. The discovery of these common mechanisms provides evidence that a control strategy could be developed targeted at both vertebrate and tick hosts for more complete control of A. phagocytophilum and its associated diseases. The tick-borne rickettsial pathogen Anaplasma phagocytophilum develops within membrane-bound inclusions in the host cell cytoplasm. This pathogen has evolved with its tick and vertebrate hosts through dynamic processes involving genetic traits of the pathogen and hosts that collectively mediate pathogen infection, development, persistence, and survival. Herein, we challenge the evidence of tick–host–pathogen coevolution by hypothesizing that A. phagocytophilum utilizes common molecular mechanisms for infection in both vertebrate and tick cells, including remodeling of the cytoskeleton, inhibition of cell apoptosis, and manipulation of the immune response. The discovery of these common mechanisms provides evidence that a control strategy could be developed targeted at both vertebrate and tick hosts for more complete control of A. phagocytophilum and its associated diseases. a measure of the ability of an organism to circulate through the epidemiological network [7Estrada-Peña A. et al.Interactions between tick and transmitted pathogens evolved to minimise competition through nested and coherent networks.Sci. Rep. 2015; 5: 10361Crossref PubMed Scopus (52) Google Scholar]. networks represent system components (nodes) and the relations between these components (links) [7Estrada-Peña A. et al.Interactions between tick and transmitted pathogens evolved to minimise competition through nested and coherent networks.Sci. Rep. 2015; 5: 10361Crossref PubMed Scopus (52) Google Scholar]. Each node represents a species, and the resulting link between two nodes represents a relationship between species. In the same way that food webs are descriptions of who eats whom in an ecosystem, the epidemiological networks are a description of who is a parasite of whom, and who is a carrier of whom regarding tick-transmitted pathogens, their vectors, and reservoir hosts. Consequently, the network is directed, that is, each edge links a pathogen to a vertebrate or a vector. the neologism ‘omics’ refers to next-generation sequencing technologies – such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics – that are used for the characterization of the genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome, respectively. Collectively, omics datasets are integrated using bioinformatics to apply a systems biology approach intended at the characterization and quantification of pools of biological molecules that translate into the structure, function, and dynamics of cells, tissues, or organisms [51McShane L.M. et al.Criteria for the use of omics-based predictors in clinical trials.Nature. 2013; 502: 317-320Crossref PubMed Scopus (178) Google Scholar] a holistic (instead of a reductionist) approach to the study of the interactions between the components of biological systems, and how these interactions give rise to the function and behavior of that system. Data collection, analysis, model prediction, and validation are based on high-throughput omics techniques and bioinformatics. pathogens causing diseases that greatly impact human and animal health, accounting for over 20% of all emerging infectious diseases recorded between 1940 and 2004 [52Jones K.E. et al.Global trends in emerging infectious diseases.Nature. 2008; 451: 990-994Crossref PubMed Scopus (4509) Google Scholar]. These diseases are caused by pathogens transmitted by arthropod vectors such as ticks [e.g., Lyme disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi and human granulocytic anaplasmosis caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum transmitted mainly by Ixodes scapularis in North America and Ixodes ricinus in Europe, and tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) caused by the TBE virus transmitted by I. ricinus] [1de la Fuente J. et al.Overview: Ticks as vectors of pathogens that cause disease in humans and animals.Front. Biosci. 2008; 13: 6938-6946Crossref PubMed Scopus (530) Google Scholar], mosquitoes (e.g., malaria caused by Plasmodium species transmitted by Anopheles species, and dengue caused by dengue virus transmitted by Aedes species) [53Halstead S.B. Dengue.Lancet. 2007; 370: 1644-1652Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (1178) Google Scholar], and phlebotomine sand flies (e.g., various forms of human leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania species transmitted by Phlebotomus species) [54Chappuis F. et al.Visceral leishmaniasis: what are the needs for diagnosis, treatment and control?.Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2007; 5: 873-882Crossref PubMed Scopus (1169) Google Scholar]." @default.
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• W2207381010 date "2016-03-01" @default.
• W2207381010 modified "2023-09-30" @default.
• W2207381010 title "Anaplasma phagocytophilum Uses Common Strategies for Infection of Ticks and Vertebrate Hosts" @default.
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• W2207381010 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2015.12.001" @default.
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