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- W2207932030 abstract "Aims: Recent evidence suggests that damage to the insular cortex (IC), the cerebral cortex beneath the sylvian fissure, disrupts nicotine-induced cravings and is associated with a greater likelihood of cessation relative to non-IC damage. The role hemispheric dominancemay play in regulating these changes, however, has not yet been explored. We hypothesized that current smokers with damage to their dominant ICwouldexperience lesswithdrawal and cravings and be more likely to quit than those with non-dominant IC damage. Methods: A total of 37 smokers with unilateral IC strokes (17 dominant and 20 non-dominant) were recruited from 3 acute care hospitals in Rochester, NY. Validated questionnaires were administered during admission to assess urge (Questionnaire on Smoking Urges) before and during admission and 3 months post-stroke, withdrawal intensity (Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale) during admission, and continuous abstinence at 3months post-stroke. Bivariate statistics and multivariable linear regression were used to evaluate differences in urge, withdrawal, and cessation between dominant and non-dominant damaged groups, controlling for covariates. Results: On average, smokers with dominant IC lesions had a larger decrease in urge from baseline to hospitalization (ˇ =−0.82, 95% CI: −2.08, 0.44) but slight increase from baseline to 3-month follow-up (ˇ =0.55, 95% CI: −0.69, 1.79) compared to those with non-dominant damage. Dominant IC damage was also associated with a lower withdrawal score during hospitalization (ˇ =−2.33, 95% CI:−5.48, 0.82) relative to non-dominant damage. Dominance did not seem to play a role in continuous abstinence at 3 months post-stroke (OR=0.87, 95% CI: 0.18, 4.14). Conclusions:Although limitedbysample size, these results suggest little impact of dominant insular adaptations in regulating urge, withdrawal, and cessation. Financial support: This study was supported in part by the NHLBI Grant # T32 HL007937 and by CTSI Grant # UL1 RR024160 from the NIH." @default.
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- W2207932030 date "2015-11-01" @default.
- W2207932030 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2207932030 title "Sex, drugs, and violence: An analysis of women in drug court" @default.
- W2207932030 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.07.925" @default.
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