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• W2211343001 abstract "Treatment adherence has been defined as the extent to which a person's behaviour coincides with medical or health advice, such as taking medication regularly, returning to a doctor's office for follow-up appointments, and observing preventive and healthful lifestyle changes. It includes an individual's willingness to start treatment and the ability to take medications exactly as directed (Osterberg and Terrence, 2005). Adherence became a topic of considerable research by multidisciplinary teams, beginning in the 1970s, when studies showed that as many as 50 percent of patients diagnosed with hypertension were not taking sufficient amounts of their antihypertensive medication, and that poor adherence was common, particularly with long-term treatments for conditions such as diabetes, asthma, hypertension and, more recently, HIV & AIDS (Human Immunodeficiency Virus & Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome). For instance, it was found that in asthma, as in other chronic conditions, only about 50% of patients comply with care recommendations over the long-term (Sabate, 2003). It is recognized that treatment regimens are often complex and require active and tailored management, making optimal self-care arduous both to achieve and to maintain (Sabate, 2003).There is no consensual standard for what constitutes adequate adherence in most medical conditions. Some trials considered rates of adherence greater than 80 percent to be acceptable. However, rates of adherence greater than 95 percent is mandatory for infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in order to attain optimal level for durable virologie and clinical success (Machtinger and Bangsberg, 2006). Although, since discovery of HIV and AIDS in the early 80s, researchers have been working to discover the cure, till date, there is no known cure. The advent of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) ushered in a new era in the management of the AIDS pandemic, with new drugs, new strategies, new vigour from clinicians and enthusiasm on the part of their patients. However, the promise of highly effective antiretroviral therapy depends entirely on adherence to regimens that require at least 18 pills or capsules at the same time (especially at the time the drugs were first discovered until early 2000 when several combinations were merged in few capsules to allow for easy consumption) - some requiring refrigerator-taken on structured time lines, with food in some instances and on empty stomach in others (Sabate, 2001).Less than excellent adherence can also have serious consequences for the community owing to the transmission of drug-resistant strains of HIV by nonadherent individuals and the increased virulence of the mutated strains. Effective self-management of chronic conditions requires an active, collaborative involvement of the patient in a mutually acceptable course of behavior to produce a desired preventive or therapeutic result (Meichenbaum and Turk, 1997). Evidences abound that improved HIV treatments and access to care have dramatically increased survival rate and improved quality of life. Many People living with HIV & AIDS (PLHIV) can now lead productive lives (Baker, Peng and Rapkin, 2008; Lima, Harrigan and Bangsberg 2009). The shift in prognosis however makes it imperative to address psychosocial issues and long-term risk reduction throughout the lifespan, which underscores the importance of adherence that is currently being considered as a major barrier to HIV & AIDS interventions. The study therefore considers psychological determinants of treatment adherence among people living with HIV AND AIDHypothesesThe study tested the following hypotheses:i. People living with HIV & AIDS who feel stigmatized and discriminated against would report significantly poor adherence to treatment compared those who do not feel stigmatized and discriminated against.ii. People living with HIV & AIDS with adequate social support would report significantly higher rate of good adherence to treatment compared to those who do not have adequate social support. …" @default.
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• W2211343001 date "2015-09-01" @default.
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• W2211343001 title "Psychological Determinants of Treatment Adherence among People Living with HIV and AIDS in Ibadan, Nigeria" @default.
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