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• W2216428215 abstract "Kwame Nkrumah was single most consequential figure of African descent in global movement for decolonization, which swept colonialism from greater part of Asia and Africa after World War II. Nkrumah began his career as an anticolonial agitator in British colony of Gold Coast in 1947. Exactly decade later, in 1957, colony attained sovereign nationhood under leadership of his Convention People's Party, most storied anticolonial movement in Africa. Ghana, name former Gold Coast assumed at independence, was first territory in Africa south of Sahara to escape colonial yoke. Ghana, and Nkrumah personally, became de rigueur, celebrated in music, poetry, sermons and other forms of literary and artistic expressions in Africa and far-flung African diaspora. A Black Star, sobriquet accorded had been born. But then as stars--political and otherwise--often do, Nkrumah precipitously fell. In 1966 he suddenly lost power, overthrown in military takeover. His ouster spawned an expansive body of work on the rise and fall of Kwame Nkrumah, as several contributors to this literary genre entitled their accounts of his two-decades-long whirlwind of political career. (1) Ali Mazrui contributed one of first, and most contentious, installments on narrative on Nkrumah's fall from power. But this was just prelude. Mazrui's engagement with Nkrumah would have many sequel, stretching over nearly five decades, which is to say for rest of Mazrui's life. From highly critical beginning, Mazrui warmed up to Nkrumah over time, his appraisal of Ghana's first postcolonial leader becoming increasingly more favorable as years went by. Along way, Nkrumah's writings came to provide some of essential building blocks for trope that is Mazrui's greatest intellectual legacy, for general audiences if not for cognoscenti--namely, idea that Africa is continent with a triple heritage: African, Islamic and Western. Initially offered as television documentary on BBC in Britain and PBS in United States, triple-heritage idea did double duty, later reappearing in book form. (2) Nkrumah: The Leninist Czar. (3) Such was bold and brash title of essay Mazrui published in wake of Nkrumah's fall. In lifetime as an intellectual gadfly, this was Mazrui's most provocative piece to date. The fiery reaction, mostly negative, was also first of many notable debates in which he would become embroiled. The site of debate also mattered. Mazrui's essay, along with most (although not all) of responses it engendered, appeared in Transition. Based in Kampala, Uganda, Transition was magazine of arts, culture, and politics. Necessarily, faculty at nearby Makerere University College (later Makerere University), where Mazrui taught, played an outsize role in magazine. Mazrui himself was an associate editor of Transition, which gave his essay unprecedented promotion. The lead article in issue in which it appeared, essay was preceded by lavish and colorful illustration that took up entire cover of magazine. (Generally, cover of Transition was in black and white, not color.) The illustration featured an image of Nkrumah's head at one end and that of Russian revolutionary leader V. I. Lenin at other, separated by single shirt with identical collars. The name of magazine, Transition, appeared at both ends of illustration, except it was transposed at bottom. When turned upside down, Lenin was on top and Nkrumah at bottom, which neatly illustrated point of essay: that very consciously so, was an African version of Lenin. Mazrui also received top billing in section of journal that listed contributors: he was sole author in that issue whose biographical summary was accompanied by mug shot. Clearly, decision had been made to showcase essay by Transition's associate editor, and to spare no expense in doing so. …" @default.
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• W2216428215 date "2015-09-01" @default.
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• W2216428215 title "Kwame Nkrumah and Ali Mazrui: An Analysis of the 1967 Transition Debate" @default.
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