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• W2223017444 abstract "Background: Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), defined as pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs) in DSM-IV and ICD-10, become manifest in childhood, ranging from a severe form, autism, to milder forms, Asperger syndrome (AS) and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS)/atypical autism. AS is also specified in criteria by Gillberg and by Szatmari et al. Different diagnostic criteria sets, overlaps, inaccuracies and exclusion criteria of many comorbid psychiatric disorders in PDDs have caused confusion. In DSM-5, PDDs were replaced by one diagnosis called ASD. Aims and methods: This is an epidemiological study of 8-year-old children and a clinical study of 9to 16-year-old high-functioning outpatients with AS/autism (HFA). The epidemiological target population (n = 4,422) was rated via the Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ) by parents and/or teachers and a screened sample was examined in order to estimate the prevalence of ASDs, to discover deficits in the diagnostic criteria of ASDs, to evaluate DSM-5 draft criteria for ASD, and to assess cut-off scores for the Finnish ASSQ. Comorbid psychiatric disorders were identified and overall level of functioning rated in 50 subjects with AS/HFA. Results: The prevalence of AS according to DSM-IV was 2.5, to ICD-10 2.9, to Gillberg 2.7, and to Szatmari et al. 1.6 per 1,000. The prevalence of autism was 4.1 and that of ASDs 8.4 per 1,000 (DSM-IV). DSM-5 draft criteria were less sensitive in detecting AS/HFA. For 7to 12-yearold children (IQ ≥ 50), the optimal cut-off scores were 30 in clinical settings and 28 in total population screening using summed parent-rated and teacher-rated ASSQ scores. Comorbid psychiatric disorders were common (prevalence 74%) and often multiple; behavioral disorders in 44%, anxiety disorders in 42%, and tic disorders in 26%. Oppositional defiant disorder, depressive disorder and anxiety disorders as comorbidities indicated significantly lower levels of functioning. Conclusions: Our results indicate the need to standardize the diagnostic criteria. The ICD-11 criteria should be uniform and harmonize with DSM-5. Determining cut-off scores for ASD screening instruments in different languages and cultures is of utmost importance. Clinicians are reminded to investigate psychiatric comorbidity in ASDs in order to target treatment and rehabilitation precisely." @default.
• W2223017444 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2223017444 creator A5012695855 @default.
• W2223017444 date "2013-01-01" @default.
• W2223017444 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W2223017444 title "Autism spectrum disorders : an epidemiological and clinical study" @default.
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