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• W222525547 abstract "When travel lanes were added to several major roads in central Florida, certain bridges and culverts were upgraded with wildlife crossing accommodations, such as ledges, built as an alternative to expensive dedicated wildlife crossing structures. This paper presents research conducted on the response of wildlife to these enhancements. The study area included thirteen sites on five major state roads across east-central Florida. The effectiveness of the enhancements was evaluated by monitoring successful and unsuccessful (road-kills) animal movements across roads in the vicinity of each crossing. Multiple methods were applied to evaluate activity by different species. For instance, remotely operated cameras and tracking stations were used to capture use by medium to large species, and drift fences/pitfall traps were used to determine use by small mammals and herpetofauna. The authors conducted road-kill and track surveys at all wildlife crossing sites. Mark-recapture studies were performed at four of these locations for small mammals and herpetofauna to determine effects of the highways on species presenceabsence, avoidance behavior and potential crossing use. Data was collected from November 2004 to April 2010. Detailed results including species use, presence and absence are presented for each site. For all study locations the authors documented 176 different species. This included 17 state and federally listed species and 9 other species of conservation interest. Data included a total of 39,993 road-kills and 13,686 tracks within wildlife crossings for all the study sites. Results of mark-recapture studies of small mammals and herpetofauna included 1,250 individuals within wildlife crossings and 5,799 individuals at control locations. A wide diversity of avian species was negatively affected by vehicle strikes. Most can be reduced by using appropriate fencing to reduce the amount of prey species killed on road-sides and altering flight trajectories into traffic. Numerous rodent, frog, lizard and snake tracks were recorded in the larger wildlife crossings. Large numbers of road-killed frogs and snakes were also observed at nearly all study sites; this was attributed to inadequate fencing, not avoidance of the wildlife crossings. Other than gopher tortoise, few turtle species were recorded as road-kills or using the wildlife crossings. Several factors may contribute to this lack of data: effectiveness of fencing, low population levels, road avoidance, and habitat selection. Carnivores used most of the crossing structures. Road-kills were only significant at one of these locations, occurring beyond the existing wildlife fences. White-tail deer were documented at all study sites, but road-kills were significant at only three sites; these were also a result of individuals circumventing the existing wildlife fencing. An unexpected finding of this study was that most of the structures had design and/or construction flaws that seriously interfered with their functioning for wildlife use. Problems and corrective measures at each wildlife-crossing location are categorized by structure, approaches, substrate, fencing, and vegetation and cover. A discussion of the shortcomings of the conventional design process and a description of the multidisciplinary Wildlife Crossing Design Team created by the Florida DOT are presented." @default.
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• W222525547 date "2012-01-01" @default.
• W222525547 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W222525547 title "Performance of Wildlife Crossing Enhancements to Existing Roadway Culverts andBridges in Central Florida" @default.
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