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- W2227458589 abstract "Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are a class of acid suppression medications that block gastric parietal cell acid production by irreversibly inhibiting the luminal H+/K+ adenylpyrophosphatase (ATPase). 1 Lindberg P. Keeling D. Fryklund J. Andersson T. Lundborg P. Carlsson E. Review article: Esomeprazole-enhanced bio-availability, specificity for the proton pump and inhibition of acid secretion. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003; 17: 481-488 Crossref PubMed Scopus (66) Google Scholar PPIs are used for a variety of conditions involving inflammation of the upper gastrointestinal tract in children, including gastroesophageal reflux disease, erosive esophagitis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, eosinophilic esophagitis, and Helicobacter pylori gastritis. 2 Vandenplas Y. Rudolph C.D. Di Lorenzo C. Hassall E. Liptak G. Mazur L. et al. Pediatric gastroesophageal reflux clinical practice guidelines: joint recommendations of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) and the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (ESPGHAN). J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2009; 49: 498-547 Crossref PubMed Scopus (58) Google Scholar , 3 Koletzko S. Jones N.L. Goodman K.J. Gold B. Rowland M. Cadranel S. et al. Evidence-based guidelines from ESPGHAN and NASPGHAN for Helicobacter pylori infection in children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2011; 53: 230-243 Crossref PubMed Scopus (245) Google Scholar , 4 Dellon E.S. Gonsalves N. Hirano I. Furuta G.T. Liacouras C.A. Katzka D.A. et al. ACG clinical guideline: evidenced based approach to the diagnosis and management of esophageal eosinophilia and eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). Am J Gastroenterol. 2013; 108 (quiz 93): 679-692 Crossref PubMed Scopus (799) Google Scholar Alternative uses for PPIs are increasing, and include treatment of various pediatric respiratory symptoms, sleep disorders, and even irritability or excessive crying in infants. 5 Ummarino D. Miele E. Masi P. Tramontano A. Staiano A. Vandenplas Y. Impact of antisecretory treatment on respiratory symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease in children. Dis Esophagus. 2012; 25: 671-677 Crossref PubMed Scopus (22) Google Scholar , 6 Wasilewska J. Semeniuk J. Cudowska B. Klukowski M. Debkowska K. Kaczmarski M. Respiratory response to proton pump inhibitor treatment in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Sleep Med. 2012; 13: 824-830 Crossref PubMed Scopus (24) Google Scholar , 7 Tofil N.M. Benner K.W. Fuller M.P. Winkler M.K. Histamine 2 receptor antagonists vs intravenous proton pump inhibitors in a pediatric intensive care unit: a comparison of gastric pH. J Crit Care. 2008; 23: 416-421 Crossref PubMed Scopus (22) Google Scholar , 8 Gieruszczak-Bialek D. Konarska Z. Skorka A. Vandenplas Y. Szajewska H. No effect of proton pump inhibitors on crying and irritability in infants: systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Pediatr. 2015; 166: 767-770.e3 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (53) Google Scholar Prescriptions for PPIs have increased greatly among pediatric and infant populations in recent years. A retrospective study of insurance claims for PPI prescriptions in Belgian children found that the prescribed monthly volume of PPIs increased from 3472 daily defined doses per month in January 1997, to 103 926 daily defined doses per month in June 2009. 9 De Bruyne P. Christiaens T. Vander Stichele R. Van Winckel M. Changes in prescription patterns of acid-suppressant medications by Belgian pediatricians: analysis of the national database, [1997-2009]. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2014; 58: 220-225 Crossref PubMed Scopus (39) Google Scholar An American retrospective study of 2469 infants less than 12 months old found a 4-fold increase in PPI use from 2000 to 2003. 10 Barron J.J. Tan H. Spalding J. Bakst A.W. Singer J. Proton pump inhibitor utilization patterns in infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2007; 45: 421-427 Crossref PubMed Scopus (173) Google Scholar Although prescriptions and alternative uses for PPIs are increasing, evidence of their efficacy has lagged. Based on the increasing rate of PPI prescriptions, some clinicians have concluded that PPIs are over-prescribed in otherwise healthy pediatric patients for cases of over-medicalized physiological infant reflux or functional gastrointestinal disorders. 11 Hassall E. Over-prescription of acid-suppressing medications in infants: how it came about, why it's wrong, and what to do about it. J Pediatr. 2012; 160: 193-198 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (55) Google Scholar" @default.
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- W2227458589 date "2016-01-01" @default.
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- W2227458589 title "Side Effects and Complications of Proton Pump Inhibitors: A Pediatric Perspective" @default.
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- W2227458589 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.08.064" @default.
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