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- W2235818321 abstract "An expanded bed, nitrifying bioreactor designed to removeammonia from effluents has been in operation for severalyears. It was inoculated with a mixed microbial populationfrom a nitrifying trickling filter, and it took several weeks forvisible biofilms to form on the support material, coke. Thisbiomass support material is non-toxic, hard-wearing, cheapand porous. Its porosity makes it ideal for the attachment ofadhesive microorganisms, which first colonise the pores andthen overgrow the particles, to form biofilms approximately0·5 mm thick. This results in a biomass concentration of up to40 g dm-3 (dry weight estimated from volume). Transmissionelectron microscopy of detached biofilms revealed a mixedpopulation, mainly of bacteria, occurring primarily ascolonies of similar cells.The use of Response Surface Methodology tosimultaneously optimise the temperature and pH of thenitrification process revealed these optima to lie in the range14-16°C and pH 7·8-8·0. When operated at these optima, thebiofilms were capable of oxidising a 140 mg dm-3 ammoniafeed at a maximum rate of 120 mg dm-3 h-1; which equated toachieving complete nitrification at a dilution rate of 0·85 h-1.This was equivalent to a residence time of less than 1·2 h, arecirculation ratio of 70 and the removal of 2.0 mg dm-3 perpass. With a 280 mg dm-3 ammonia feed, the maximum rate of21 nitrification was 145 mg dm-3 h-1; which equated to achievingcomplete nitrification at a dilution rate of 0·5 h-1. This wasequivalent to a residence time of about 2 h, a recirculationratio of 120 and theremoval of 2.4 mg dm-3 per pass. The amount of ammoniaoxidised per pass was limited mainly by ammonia-limitationand the insolubility of oxygen in water, as the bioreactorrelied on aeration during recycle of the effluent.The nitrification capacity of the biofilms was found to beequivalent to an ammonia removal rate of up to 5·5 kg NH3-N m-3 d-1." @default.
- W2235818321 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2235818321 date "2000-09-01" @default.
- W2235818321 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2235818321 title "Nitrifying biofilms: structure, co-operation and performance" @default.
- W2235818321 hasPublicationYear "2000" @default.
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