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- W223597943 abstract "To give information to the people is the most certain and legitimate engine of government. --James Madison, 1787 Information Technology and Economic Freedom The two key stages in the life of most information technologies are invention and application. These stages especially depend on healthy market forces and rational financial returns. Government infringement, opposition, or control at either end retards the technology. In short, success in making and using information technology requires economic freedom. Creativity and freedom in invention and application have not been this crucial in every industry. In steel making, for example, the economical gathering of ore and coal and efficient manufacturing are key. In nuclear power, fault-free engineering and safe operation are what matter most. In consumer goods, success depends heavily on distribution. But as we can already see from the explosion of practical new ideas, products and services in the decade and a half since the deregulation of the U.S. telecommunications industry, the combination of invention and application, of science and market, provides the combustion for the information revolution. The prospect of handsome personal profit in return for high-value innovation is critical to attracting the talent and justifying the risk-taking required at the upstream end (i.e., discovery and design) of information technology. While most technical wizards are no doubt motivated by the thrill of discovery, it takes the possibility of becoming the next Steve Jobs to ensure a steady flow of top-drawer scientific talent through graduate school and into the lab. The financial bonanza for breakthroughs by entrepreneur-inventors often comes with being acquired by an established information technology firm with the capacity to productize, market, and support novel ideas. The development of new information systems and services requires large and efficient venture capital markets. Silicon Valley is as famous for its money engineers as for its software engineers. For such markets to function, returns commensurate with value and risk are needed to rationalize and stimulate daring investments. In addition to strong venture capital facilities, the market must provide the possibility of rapid application, revenues, and profits in order to yield an early payback for investors. Such conditions cannot be generally replicated in a state-controlled economy. Even if vast public resources are garnered and invested in these technologies, a closed system has no way of emulating the fast market action and growth in valuation, capitalization, and earnings (thus reinvestment) that have accompanied the expansion of the information technology market in the capitalist democracies. State ownership, planning, and resource allocation, even if meant to spark innovation, will more likely extinguish it. The last decade or so has buried the belief, held even in some American quarters, that state-centric, communitarian cultures could out-compete individualist systems in these technologies. (1) It takes the instantaneous signals of a free market to keep up with the blistering pace at which information technology is capable of emitting new applications and achieving lower costs. The information market has a voracious appetite, calling for the next course before it has digested the last. No sooner does a market segment seem saturated (mainframe computers, for instance), than it morphs and demands a better technology on an even greater scale (distributed processing). Because of flexible design, versatile componentry, malleable software, and open connectivity standards, new products and services can be developed, rushed to market, and incorporated with astonishing speed. Neither producers nor users in this market have the time or patience for regulation. No major industry has developed a stronger aversion to government interference. …" @default.
- W223597943 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W223597943 date "1998-05-01" @default.
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- W223597943 title "2. Knowledge and Freedom" @default.
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