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- W223750240 abstract "In this chapter the current state-of-the-art will be presented on the direct syntheses of polycarbonates from carbon dioxide and oxiranes. While some patents are mentioned in this review, it is not our intention to include all the available patent literature. More elaborate overviews can be found in some recent reviews. 2.1 The monomers A short introduction of the chemistry related to the monomers used in the copolymerization of carbon dioxide and oxiranes is presented in this section. 2.1.1 Carbon dioxide With the growing concern about the environmental impact of chemical substances, the chemical fixation of carbon dioxide has received increasing attention as a potential carbon source in industrial chemical processes. Carbon dioxide is generally considered as a green, environmentally benign solvent and reactant that is cheap, non-toxic and renewable. Use of carbon dioxide could even result in more economical and/or efficient routes to existing products. Moreover, the production of chemicals and polymers from CO2 might result in new materials. Nowadays there are three important industrial processes with carbon dioxide as a starting material: the synthesis of urea, salicylic acid and cyclic carbonates (Scheme 2-1). Approximately 110 megatons of carbon dioxide is currently used for chemical synthesis on a yearly base. The majority (90 megatons) is used for urea production (mainly used as a fertilizer). In addition to these commercial applications of carbon dioxide as a feedstock, several intriguing processes involving the chemical fixation of CO2 are under investigation. The most promising processes are methanol synthesis and the production of aliphatic polycarbonates using carbon dioxide as feedstock." @default.
- W223750240 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W223750240 date "2005-01-01" @default.
- W223750240 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W223750240 title "CO2 as a monomer for the phosgene-free synthesis of new polycarbonates : catalyst development, mechanistic investigations and monomer screening" @default.
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- W223750240 hasPublicationYear "2005" @default.
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