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• W2238198417 endingPage "397" @default.
• W2238198417 startingPage "345" @default.
• W2238198417 abstract "The term “time discrimination” has no exact meaning, but the common examples of it share two properties: (1) the probability of some learned response changes with the time since some event, and (2) the function relating response probability and time changes with the time of the motivating event—for example, food or shock. The inhibition-of-delay results of Pavlov were the first examples of animal time discrimination. One of Pavlov's examples, originally published in 1980, used as the conditioned stimulus (CS) the sound of a whistle. During the first minute of the whistle, there were zero drops of saliva, during the second minute, about five drops, and during the third minute, about nine drops. In addition, Pavlov found that the pause before salivating was proportional to the length of the CS; this satisfies the second condition. The introduction by Skinner of fixed-interval schedules of reinforcement made it much easier to observe timing, especially in rats. Skinner was training rats in the first Skinner boxes. He began by rewarding every response, but changed to rewarding responses only once a minute (a fixed-interval schedule) to make his supply of pellets last longer. After training with this procedure, a cumulative record of the number of responses showed the now-familiar fixed-interval scallops-response rate was low at the beginning of the interval and much higher near the end." @default.
• W2238198417 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2238198417 creator A5070137835 @default.
• W2238198417 date "1983-01-01" @default.
• W2238198417 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2238198417 title "Properties and Function of an Internal Clock" @default.
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• W2238198417 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0166-4115(08)61802-6" @default.
• W2238198417 hasPublicationYear "1983" @default.
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