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- W2239798589 abstract "Archaeological assemblage 1A at Scladina Cave, Belgium has yielded artefacts from a Middle Palaeolithic occupation dating to between 40,000 and 37,000 BP. Fifty-two fragments of a black, friable rock with a black streak were found in association with approximately 200 burned bone fragments and several thousand lithic artefacts. This black material (silica-rich graphite-bearing siltstone) is interpreted as a pigment brought to the site by Neandertals. This is a very unique dis- covery, as European archaeological research has so far only recorded black pigments composed of manganese oxides from the Middle Palaeolithic. The pigment was analysed by petrography, X-Ray diffraction (XRD), X-Ray fluorescence (XRF), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and Raman microspectrometry. Raman microspectrometry is a non-destructive method able to distinguish the attributes of black sili- ceous materials that originate from different tectono-sedimentary contexts. By measuring the degree of alteration of the carbonaceous material, this method allowed for the determination of the geographical and geological origins of the pigment: a Cambrian formation of very limited extent located at Franquenies near Ottignies, about 40 kilometres north-west of Scladina Cave. The absence of a drainage network connecting the two locations eliminates the possibility of na- tural transport, and supports the anthropogenic origin of the pigment. Only part of these results has already been published by Bonjean et al. (2015). Here, new results are presented detailing the geochemical characterisation of the material and methods, and analytical approaches are also further developed." @default.
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- W2239798589 date "2015-12-01" @default.
- W2239798589 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W2239798589 title "Nouvelles données sur un pigment noir d’origine cambrienne, utilisé au Paléolithique moyen et découvert dans la grotte Scladina (Andenne, Belgique)" @default.
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