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• W2240312483 abstract "Several studies have been conducted to restore the fertility of degraded soils in sub-SaharanAfrica using combinations of inorganic and organic fertilizers. The studies mainlyconcentrated on nutrient uptake and balances in the soil. This study was carried out todetermine the effects of cattle manure and inorganic fertilizer application (fertility treatment)on soil organic carbon (SOC), bulk density, aggregate stability, aggregate protected carbon,steady state infiltration rates, porosity, unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, moisture retentioncharacteristics, crop water productivity (CWP) and grain yields of two contrasting soils inMurewa smallholder farming area, Zimbabwe. Four long-term (6 years) and short-term (2years) fields, sandy homefield and outfield and clayey homefield and outfield were used totake into consideration the spatial variability in soil fertility induced by farmer managementpractices (field-type treatment). The fields were conventionally tilled (ox-drawn mould-boardploughed annually) and maize monocrop was grown in the long-term fields under thefollowing soil fertility amendments, control (no fertility amelioration), 5, 15 and 25 t ha-1manure + 100 kg ha-1 N applied annually. Soybean-maize rotation was practiced in the shorttermfields under the treatments 100 kg ha-1 N (maize)/ 40 kg ha-1 N (soybean), 30 kg ha-1 P,29 kg ha-1 K, 20 kg ha-1 Ca, 10 kg ha-1 Mg, 5 kg ha-1 Zn and 5 kg ha-1 Mn in combination withcattle manure at 5, 10, 15 and 20 t ha-1. Cattle manure application resulted in significantincreases in SOC, macro-aggregation index (Ima), aggregate protected carbon (APC), steadystate infiltration rates (I.R), total effective porosity, unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (Ko) at5 cm tension. Soil organic carbon ranged between 0.5-3.2 % on clay soils, in contrast tosandy soil’s SOC which was between 0.3-2.4 % under combined cattle manure and inorganicfertilizer application. Mean pore sizes that were significantly improved by cattle manureapplication were 0.58 mm in 25 t ha-1 manure while control was 0.43 mm. Moisture retentionat 5 and 10 kPa was improved (p<0.05) by cattle manure application. Soil organic carbon wassignificantly (p<0.05) and positively correlated with macro-aggregation indices, aggregateprotected carbon, steady state infiltration rates, total effective porosity, hydraulic conductivityand grain yield (r>0.6). Multiple regression analysis revealed that SOC, macro-aggregationindices, aggregate protected carbon, steady state infiltration rates accounted for some of thevariability in grain yield in the long-term clay fields (p<0.001, r2=95.3). However, only SOCcould account for the yield variability on sandy soils (p<0.05, r2=0.89). Generally, grain yieldincreased in the order control < 5< 15 ≈ 25 t ha-1 cattle manure application rates on both soiltypes. On the short term fields, crop yields were significantly lower in control and highest in20 t ha-1 cattle manure treatment while the intermediate treatments did not significantly differ.AquaCrop model satisfactorily simulated actual crop transpiration with higher CWP observedin 25 t ha-1 cattle manure treatments relative to control. Combined cattle manure andinorganic fertilizer application significantly improved clay soils’ physical and bio-chemicalenvironment which ultimately improved crop yields. Cattle manure rates at 5 t ha-1 yr-1improved crop yields on sandy soils and 15 t ha-1 was required for physical properties’improvement and yield on clay soil. In addition, soil fertility gradients were revealed to be ashort-term phenomenon, whereby they disappeared after 6 years on clay soils after equalapplication of soil fertility amendments while sandy soil’s physical properties did not respondto cattle manure application.,TSBF-CIAT" @default.
• W2240312483 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2240312483 date "2014-06-26" @default.
• W2240312483 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W2240312483 title "Effects of soil fertility management practices on selected soil physical properties, water use efficiency and crop productivity in Murewa smallholder farming area" @default.
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