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• W2240912547 abstract "This article discusses the Germans’ perception of America and Americanism before 1945. This study specially places emphasis on the discourses on ‘Americanism’. Americanism is the semantic symbol for political, economic, and cultural discourses on features characteristic of the United States. At the same time, it was the cultural mechanism of the Germans to confirm and protect their identity. Therefore, the analysis of the discourses on Americanism in Germany shows their conceptions and sentiments about America. In addition, we can understand how the Germans determined their identity, differentiated from that of Americans. Before 1945, the Germans traditionally conceived of America as the symbol of political, economic, social, and cultural modernity. They identified America and Americanism with energetic industrial capitalism, mass democracy, and the modern way of life. Combined with this conception, vague longing for the new world in the 19th century and the sense of wonder of the Weimar period Germans of mass culture, big city life and economic affluence of American society led the Germans to find the alternative to reality, or utopian image of the future in America and Americanism. However, more frequently the Germans showed criticism and rejection toward this modern American civilization. This antipathy was closely related to the rapid growth of America as the big power of the world, and to their discomfort and fear of social evils of modernization, sense of alienation from tradition and of unfamiliarity. It can be traced to the traditional sense of superiority of spiritual and morally internalized German culture, to shallow and materialistic American. It was sense of cultural and moral superiority of the Germans that led them to have a negative attitude toward America and Americanism. As stated above, the Germans’ traditional perception of America and Americanism was something of gray color. The Germans wavered between optimistic expectations on America and Americanism, and the sense of anxiousness and disillusion. This confusion was a phenomenon of the times and generations, as well as of individuals. As in the Weimar period, the Germans strongly expressed both pro-American and anti-American sentiments, while in the Third Reich they took an equivocal attitude. These two contradictory sentiments toward America and Americanism did not show in a simple diagram of the left and the right. In the Weimar period, there was anti-American sentiment among the conservative educated middle class(Bildungsburgertum) and the ultra-right, as well as among the progressive vanguards and the extreme leftists. Also there was pro-American sentiment among the enterprisers, the engineers, and the intellectuals who took various political stands of liberalism, conservatism and ultra-right, as well as among the reformed socialists and some progressive vanguards. This is also the tendency with modern Germany after 1945." @default.
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• W2240912547 date "2002-11-01" @default.
• W2240912547 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W2240912547 title "‘미국’과 ‘미국적인 것’에 대한 독일인들의 인식" @default.
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