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- W2241123456 abstract "Significant reliability concerns in multiple industries are related to metal whiskers, which are random high aspect ratio filaments growing on metal surfaces and causing shorts in electronic packages. We derive a closed form expression for the probabilistic distribution of metal whisker lengths. Our consideration is based on the electrostatic theory of metal whiskers, according to which whisker growth is interrupted when its tip enters a random local “dead region” of a weak electric field. Here, we use the approximation neglecting the possibility of thermally activated escapes from the “dead regions,” which is later justified. We predict a one-parameter distribution with a peak at a length that depends on the metal surface charge density and surface tension. In the intermediate range, it fits well the log-normal distribution used in the experimental studies, although it decays more rapidly in the range of very long whiskers. In addition, our theory quantitatively explains how the typical whisker concentration is much lower than that of surface grains. Finally, it predicts the stop-and-go phenomenon for some of the whiskers growth." @default.
- W2241123456 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2241123456 date "2015-11-23" @default.
- W2241123456 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2241123456 title "The probabilistic distribution of metal whisker lengths" @default.
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- W2241123456 doi "https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4936262" @default.
- W2241123456 hasPublicationYear "2015" @default.
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