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• W2242938135 abstract "Guayule is a commercial desert shrub grown in the dryregions of Arizona and California. Its resin and latex products arenon-allergenic to most people unlike the products made from therubber from Hevea brasiliensis. Latex andresins, however, make up only about 20% of biomass. Converting thewaste bagasse to biorefinery feedstock makes good economic sense. Asupercritical CO2-based process had beendeveloped for pre-treating the guayule. Our approach usedsupercritical CO2 and moisture for mildhydrolysis and subsequent explosion, created by sudden pressurerelease. The pretreatment involved: adding water to the bagasse,raising system temperature, pressurizing using supercriticalCO2, holding the system for a period oftime, and exploding the bagasse. The different pretreatments werecompared based on the sugar yield from the enzyme hydrolysis andour method was more effective than other techniques such as acidhydrolysis and delignification. No inhibitory/toxic effects wereapparent in terms of growth of Trichoderma reesei Rut C-30. Afactorial design was performed to find the optimum workingconditions for maximum sugar yields from the supercriticalCO2 pretreatment of the guayule. The optimumyields of glucose and pentose were 55% and 60% from enzymehydrolysis at a temperature of 170 °C, 3800 psi, 57% moisture and32 minutes of holding time. Additional solvents like acetone andethanol were tried in place of water as solvents. Although acetoneand ethanol gave yields 50% and 54% which are comparable with thatof water, only in case of acetone the working conditions weremilder (60 °C). A study involving the removal of lignin from thebiomass was performed using the supercriticalCO2 method. A Supercritical carbondioxide-ethanol- water system was studied to extract the ligninpresent in the bagasse. The extraction process was not efficientand removed very little lignin (30%). Guayule has a lot ofhemicelluloses and so micro-organisms that can metabolize xyloseefficiently in addition to glucose were chosen and were tested fortheir ethanol tolerance and ability to withstand the hydrolyzatetoxicity. Three yeast species were found to consume xylose and havehigh ethanol tolerance. But the highest yield of ethanol was fromthe simultaneous saccharification fermentation of the pretreatedbagasse with the K.marxianus yeast, 0.36 g ethanol/ g ofhydrolysable sugars.The process as a whole aims at using a non foodcrop as a source of fermentation feedstock. There is no competinguse as a food crop and hence no increase in food prices. Thesupercritical pretreatment process preserves all kinds of sugarsincluding the hemicelluloses. The process does not destroy anysugars compared to the widely used dilute acid pretreatment. Thefermentation process involves the use of yeasts that can metabolizehemi-cellulosic sugars in addition to the six carbon sugars andproduce ethanol. The thermotolerant K.marxianusyeast gave a high ethanol yield compared to…" @default.
• W2242938135 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2242938135 date "2010-01-01" @default.
• W2242938135 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W2242938135 title "Pretreatment of Guayule Biomass Using Supercritical CO 2 -based Method for Use as Fermentation Feedstock" @default.
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