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- W2244333040 abstract "This dissertation examines the Polish state's attemptsto integrate, Polonize, and civilize the multiethnic easternprovince of Volhynia between 1918 and 1939. While political elitespromoted the province's connections to the nation's history,Volhynia's Polish population was drastically outnumbered by acombination of Ukrainians and Jews. Breaking from the traditionalhistoriography, which explores Warsaw's policies towards Poland'sethnic minorities and analyzes interethnic relations betweenclearly-defined groups, the dissertation considers the civilizingmission carried out by a second tier of nationally-consciouspolitical actors who represented the Polish state at the periphery.This group of men (and, more rarely, women) included border guards,teachers, policemen, national activists, military settlers,bureaucrats, scouts, and ethnographers, all of whom brought theirown ideas about what Polish meant in the wild fieldsof the East. Since Volhynia was economically, socially, andculturally underdeveloped, lacking many of the basic indicators ofcivilization, and since it lay in a geopolitically volatileregion that bordered the Soviet Union, incoming elites attempted toshape the physical environment, material culture, and borderlandpeople into something more Polish, European, and civilized. Farfrom being an abstraction, Polishness was manifested in concreteactions, including the imposition of good governance, themaintenance of a secure border, and the creation of well-run townsand productive villages. Drawing inspiration from environmental andspatial histories, the chapters progress chronologically andthematically, each focusing on Polish efforts to regulate,transform, and promote the space of—or spaces within—Volhynia.Although the idea of Polish civilizational superiority suggested ahierarchy of Volhynia's Ukrainian, Polish, Jewish, German, Czech,and Russian inhabitants (based on their everyday behavior andlevels of material culture), Polishness could not simply be imposedfrom above. Indeed, physical conditions on the ground createdtangible challenges to the civilizing mission. Elites found thatlocal Poles were nationally indifferent and frequently put theirown interests above those of the nation as a whole, whileill-equipped and under-financed state personnel struggled to dealwith the harsh realities of life and the intransigence of peasantpopulations. Reports and newspaper articles suggested that Volhyniawas a place where Polishness might be lost and, by the late 1930s,visions of Polish were replaced with more radicalschemes of demographic and spatial transformation. Studying thismultiethnic borderland during the twenty years prior to the SecondWorld War suggests how local dynamics contributed to the social andethnic conflicts that exploded here after 1939. But thedissertation also provides an in-depth analysis of the widertensions between national ideals and everyday realities, anexploration into the discursive use of civilization by…" @default.
- W2244333040 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2244333040 date "2011-01-01" @default.
- W2244333040 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2244333040 title "Poland's wild east : imagined landscapes and everyday lifein the Volhynian Borderlands, 1918-1939" @default.
- W2244333040 hasPublicationYear "2011" @default.
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