Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W224457302> ?p ?o ?g. }
Showing items 1 to 77 of
77
with 100 items per page.
- W224457302 abstract "[From the Introduction]. In thirty years of formal independence few of France's former African colonies have flourished. Some, notably the countries bordering on the Sahara desert known collectively as the Sahel, are among the poorest nations on earth. Economically they are characterized by weak export economies, often depending heavily on a single, inelastic commodity, by low levels of productivity, by low levels of foreign investment, and by a declining standard of living which has left their rapidly growing populations worst off today than in 1960. They suffer from being landlocked, often over one thousand miles from an ocean port, with regional organizations that do not assure the free movement of goods and labor and which fail to compensate interior states adequately for customs revenues collected at the port of entry. In recent years, they have all been confronting debt burdens and fiscal crises, which, while mild in world terms, are crushing for such weak economies. As a result, all have been under the tutelage of the I.M.F. and World Bank, and of the Paris and London Clubs, attempting to be good students of the banks, fulfilling their conditions to the letter.' Yet these international policies have obviously failed to produce the desired result of economic development." @default.
- W224457302 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W224457302 creator A5069173524 @default.
- W224457302 date "1991-01-01" @default.
- W224457302 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W224457302 title "Africa in the lurch?: EEC and member states commitments to a poor Francophone African nation (Niger)" @default.
- W224457302 hasPublicationYear "1991" @default.
- W224457302 type Work @default.
- W224457302 sameAs 224457302 @default.
- W224457302 citedByCount "0" @default.
- W224457302 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
- W224457302 hasAuthorship W224457302A5069173524 @default.
- W224457302 hasConcept C10138342 @default.
- W224457302 hasConcept C105795698 @default.
- W224457302 hasConcept C120527767 @default.
- W224457302 hasConcept C136264566 @default.
- W224457302 hasConcept C142077812 @default.
- W224457302 hasConcept C144133560 @default.
- W224457302 hasConcept C155202549 @default.
- W224457302 hasConcept C162324750 @default.
- W224457302 hasConcept C176507212 @default.
- W224457302 hasConcept C17744445 @default.
- W224457302 hasConcept C195487862 @default.
- W224457302 hasConcept C199539241 @default.
- W224457302 hasConcept C27548731 @default.
- W224457302 hasConcept C2779439359 @default.
- W224457302 hasConcept C33923547 @default.
- W224457302 hasConcept C34447519 @default.
- W224457302 hasConcept C35651441 @default.
- W224457302 hasConcept C47768531 @default.
- W224457302 hasConcept C94625758 @default.
- W224457302 hasConceptScore W224457302C10138342 @default.
- W224457302 hasConceptScore W224457302C105795698 @default.
- W224457302 hasConceptScore W224457302C120527767 @default.
- W224457302 hasConceptScore W224457302C136264566 @default.
- W224457302 hasConceptScore W224457302C142077812 @default.
- W224457302 hasConceptScore W224457302C144133560 @default.
- W224457302 hasConceptScore W224457302C155202549 @default.
- W224457302 hasConceptScore W224457302C162324750 @default.
- W224457302 hasConceptScore W224457302C176507212 @default.
- W224457302 hasConceptScore W224457302C17744445 @default.
- W224457302 hasConceptScore W224457302C195487862 @default.
- W224457302 hasConceptScore W224457302C199539241 @default.
- W224457302 hasConceptScore W224457302C27548731 @default.
- W224457302 hasConceptScore W224457302C2779439359 @default.
- W224457302 hasConceptScore W224457302C33923547 @default.
- W224457302 hasConceptScore W224457302C34447519 @default.
- W224457302 hasConceptScore W224457302C35651441 @default.
- W224457302 hasConceptScore W224457302C47768531 @default.
- W224457302 hasConceptScore W224457302C94625758 @default.
- W224457302 hasLocation W2244573021 @default.
- W224457302 hasOpenAccess W224457302 @default.
- W224457302 hasPrimaryLocation W2244573021 @default.
- W224457302 hasRelatedWork W107333903 @default.
- W224457302 hasRelatedWork W1980494211 @default.
- W224457302 hasRelatedWork W200756670 @default.
- W224457302 hasRelatedWork W2036345173 @default.
- W224457302 hasRelatedWork W2075793270 @default.
- W224457302 hasRelatedWork W2087970941 @default.
- W224457302 hasRelatedWork W2150378368 @default.
- W224457302 hasRelatedWork W2331635938 @default.
- W224457302 hasRelatedWork W2487599280 @default.
- W224457302 hasRelatedWork W2488100001 @default.
- W224457302 hasRelatedWork W2500667019 @default.
- W224457302 hasRelatedWork W250642728 @default.
- W224457302 hasRelatedWork W2618166734 @default.
- W224457302 hasRelatedWork W26692966 @default.
- W224457302 hasRelatedWork W2957088093 @default.
- W224457302 hasRelatedWork W3121143368 @default.
- W224457302 hasRelatedWork W3134101257 @default.
- W224457302 hasRelatedWork W3158595164 @default.
- W224457302 hasRelatedWork W630388204 @default.
- W224457302 hasRelatedWork W744972746 @default.
- W224457302 isParatext "false" @default.
- W224457302 isRetracted "false" @default.
- W224457302 magId "224457302" @default.
- W224457302 workType "article" @default.