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• W224710880 abstract "The Tabernacle in the time of Moses, as described in Exodus 25:10-22, was built to be a portable temple which could be transported from place to place in the desert. Therefore, the weights of its components could not be excessive. Most commentaries have ignored this point and have disregarded weight calculations. For example, Rashi on Exodus 26:17 assumes that the planks, that were 10 cubits high and 1.5 cubits wide, were 1 cubit (at least 43 centimeters) thick. The weight of such planks would be at least 1320 pounds (600 kilograms), which would have made it impossible to transport 48 such planks (plus other planks and silver sockets) through the desert in four wagons pulled by only two oxen each (Num. 4:29-32; 7:8). An alternative estimate that the planks were only about one centimeter thick is therefore more likely correct. In the light of the fact that most commentaries do not calculate the weight of the Tabernacle, I was pleased to see the article by Josiah Derby (1) wherein he attempts to calculate the weight of the Ark of the Covenant, including the weight of the gold overlay. He calculates that weight at about 288 pounds (131 kilograms), and argues that is too heavy for four men to carry on their shoulders, each having to bear a load of about 72 pounds (33 kilograms). This conclusion disturbed me, because the Ark was carried many times on the shoulders of four men (see in particular Ex. 25:14; Num. 7:9; Jos. 3:13; 4:16; 6:12; I Kgs. 2:26: I Chr. 15:15). I am, therefore, presenting a modified calculation of the weight of the Ark, based on the calculations in my commentary on the Book of Exodus (2). This calculation will be performed in the scientific centimeter-gram system of units as well as the foot-pound units used by Derby. The weight for the Ark comes out to only 183 pounds (83 kilograms), which four men could carry on their shoulders without difficulty, each bearing a load of about 46 pounds (21 kilograms). The calculations made by Derby need the following corrections: 1. The density of the gold is given as 1197 pounds/cubic foot (19.2 grams/cubic centimeter). This value is correct for pure gold. However, the gold used in ancient times must have contained a percentage of impurities, and its density would be closer to 1061 pounds/cubic foot (17.0 grams/cubic centimeter). 2. The thickness of the gold overlay is assumed to be 1/64 inch (0.04 centimeters). However, my calculations show that the thickness should be approximately 0.02 centimeters. In Exodus 38:24, the total weight of the gold for all the vessels used is given as 29 talents and 730 shekels. The weight of a talent is equivalent to 3000 shekels. Therefore, the total weight was 29 x 3000 + 730 = 87,730 shekels. Based on the data in the Encyclopedia Biblica (3) a shekel weighs 11.4 grams. Hence the total weight of gold was 2200.2 pounds (1000.1 kilograms). I calculated the total weight of the gold for all the vessels, and had to use a thickness for the gold overlay of 0.02 centimeters in order to approximate this value. In actuality, I obtained a total weight of 2420 pounds (1100 kilograms), which I felt was close enough to the value stated in the text considering all the assumptions and approximations that were involved in the calculations. 3. The cubit was assumed to be 18 inches (45.7 centimeters). This is a fairly reasonable value. However, the figures in the Siloam Inscription (eighth century BCE) yield a slightly smaller value for the cubit. The inscription states that the Siloam tunnel is 1200 cubits in length. The tunnel is still extant, and the shortest measurement gives a length of 520 meters, (4) from which is obtained a value for the cubit of about 17 inches (43.2 centimeters). 4. The weight of the two Tablets of the Covenant is figured at 60 pounds (27.3 kilograms). However, Moses came down from Mount Sinai carrying both of them in one hand (Ex. 32:15, 34:4). It would be extremely difficult to do this if they weighed 60 pounds. …" @default.
• W224710880 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W224710880 date "2007-04-01" @default.
• W224710880 modified "2023-09-22" @default.
• W224710880 title "The Weight of the Ark of the Covenant" @default.
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