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- W2247221656 abstract "The variable demand on the energy market, as well as the limited energy storage capabilities, requires a great flexibility in operating hydraulic turbines. As a result, turbines tend to be operated over an extended range of regimes quite far from the best efficiency point. In particular, Francis turbines operated at partial discharge have a high level of residual swirl at the draft tube inlet as a result of the mismatch between the swirl generated by the guide vanes and the angular momentum extracted by the turbine runner. Further downstream, the decelerated swirling flow in the draft tube cone often results in vortex breakdown, which is recognized now as the main cause of severe flow instabilities and pressure fluctuations experienced by hydraulic turbines operated at part load. In an analysis of the swirling flow downstream a Francis turbine runner [6] we have found that the flow stability characteristics change when decreasing the discharge. It is shown that the swirling flow in the survey section downstream the runner, in the draft tube cone, reaches a critical state in the neighborhood of the best efficiency operating point. For larger discharge, the swirling flow is supercritical, and thus it is not able to sustain axisymmetrical perturbations. However, at partial discharge the flow becomes subcritical and it is able to sustain axisymmetric perturbations. Further investigations [7] revealed that the axial velocity and specific energy deficit in the central region are responsible for the helical vortex breakdown, also known as „precessing vortex rope”. This conclusion led to the idea of using a water jet injected axially, from the runner crown downstream along the axis of the draft tube cone, to reduce or eliminate the pressure fluctuations associated with the vortex rope, as shown in Fig. 1. The present paper presents our ongoing developments of the jet control technique for swirling flows in hydraulic turbines. In order to determine the best" @default.
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- W2247221656 date "2007-01-01" @default.
- W2247221656 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2247221656 title "Development of a Swirling Flow Control Technique for Francis Turbines Operated at Partial Discharge" @default.
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