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• W2247485736 abstract "In his essays “A theory of mass culture” (1953) and “Masscult and midcult” (1960), critic Dwight Macdonald argued that the collective taste of the “masses” was reflected in the degraded mass culture they consumed. Consequently, they should be cut off from the realm of high culture. In The Long Revolution (1961), Raymond Williams made a different argument, maintaining that the culture of the working classes possessed aesthetic and moral value, while simultaneously deriding the condescension of elite culture and insisting on a distinction between commercialized mass culture and those who consumed it. In addition, Williams contended that the incursion of the masses into the cultural scene during the preceding two centuries had been culturally beneficial, and should be extended as the best hope for the cultural future. Macdonald took him to task for such views in his essay “Looking backward” (1961), instead stating: “our aim should be to restore the cultural distinctions that have increasingly blurred since the industrial revolution”. Central to the disagreement was the question of whether the masses were responsible for what both Williams and Macdonald deemed the corrupt nature of mass culture. Macdonald saw them as complicit, while Williams labeled them victims. This paper explores Macdonald‟s exposition of the question of the masses contra Williams, shedding light on a crucial junction in the transformation of theoretical frameworks for the study of popular culture. In his essays “A theory of mass culture” (1953) and “Masscult and midcult” (1960) (Macdonald 1983b), American critic Dwight Macdonald (1906–1982) argued that the collective taste of the “masses” was reflected in the degraded nature of mass culture. In The Long Revolution (1961), Welsh critic Raymond Williams (1921–1988) made a different argument, maintaining that the culture of the working classes possessed aesthetic and moral value, while insisting on a division between commercialized culture and those who consumed it. In a littleknown essay entitled “Looking backward” –published in Encounter in June 1961– Macdonald took Williams to task, arguing for clear distinctions of value between high culture and low culture, and addressing the “question of the masses”. Despite its obscurity, the article was a significant one in the field of cultural studies, as it pitted the old guard‟s mid-century mass culture critique against Williams, whose ideas would radically alter the way scholars viewed the study of popular culture. Central to the disagreement was the question of whether the masses were responsible for what both Williams and Macdonald deemed the corrupt status of mass culture. Also at stake was the value of mass influence in the realm of culture. Williams applauded" @default.
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• W2247485736 date "2011-01-01" @default.
• W2247485736 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W2247485736 title "Dwight Macdonald on Raymond Williams and the 'Question of the Masses'" @default.
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