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• W2248563729 abstract "Understanding how biodiversity is organized across space and time has long been a central focus of ecologists and biogeographers. Altitudinal patterns of richness gradients are one of such striking patterns in the landscape. Despite its historical and ecological importance as a heuristic natural experimental site for development of ecological theories, the emergent patterns and mechanisms that structure them are poorly understood. This is partly because of the complex relationships of species to the environment and the choice of the response variable itself, i.e. using taxonomic richness as a metrics of diversity. This thesis, therefore, applies plant functional types (hereafter PFTs) approach to study the response of vegetation to environmental factors in the southwest Ethiopian highlands. It focuses on the classification of the vegetation into a few main plant functional response categories and relate them to environmental variables. For pattern identification and mechanistic explanations, a deconstructive approach of the taxonomic richness into its constituent components was used. Furthermore, the potential effects of land use/land cover change and global warming on the biodiversity of the study area was investigated. The results reveal that the application of plant functional types is a promising tool to understand vegetation-environment relationships. Local topographic attributes (altitude and slope) and soil properties found to structure the variance in the relative abundance of PFTs along environmental gradients. Moreover, specific response to drought favours the abundance of species with thorns/spines and tussocks in the lowlands as opposed to chilling which favours rosettes and rhizomes PFTs in the highlands. Concerning patterns of richness along altitudinal gradients, various structures of richness appear for total vascular plant species and growth forms. Woody plants, graminoids and climbers showed a uni-modal structure while ferns and herbs revealed an increasing pattern of richness along the altitudinal gradient. By contrast, total vascular plants species richness did not show any strong response to altitudinal gradients. Climate related water-energy dynamics, species area relationships due to the physical shape of the mountain, local topographic and soil conditions were found to be predominant factors structuring the observed richness in the study area. The threats to biodiversity loss due to land use/land cover change and global warming is eminent in the study area. Land conversion for agricultural purposes was a pervasive process that had a deleterious effect on the biodiversity of the study area. Population growth, socio-economic challenges (poverty) and government policy regimes drive land cover change processes. In addition, recent climate change poses a serious challenge to the biodiversity of the study area. The results of model predictions indicated that biodiversity of the study area will suffer severe consequences of lowland biotic attrition (i.e. the net loss of species richness in the…" @default.
• W2248563729 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2248563729 creator A5073333079 @default.
• W2248563729 date "2009-01-01" @default.
• W2248563729 modified "2023-09-28" @default.
• W2248563729 title "Plant Species and Functional Diversity along Altitudinal Gradients, Southwest Ethiopian Highlands" @default.
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