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• W225313798 abstract "Among the many complicated situations in which a operate there have been numerous instances of injustice, cruelty, and manipulation that have been so unacceptable that relief organizations are forced to make the difficult decision to suspend their critical services. There are even situations where the deliberate withholding of assistance has been part of a strategy used to protest human rights violations. When a agency is outraged at a particular situation, abandonment of these victims is a particularly cruel and uncreative way to register protest. To withdraw life-saving services from the very people who are supposed to be defended is ironic and thoughtless. What is needed instead is a relentless and tenacious engagement by aid agencies that forces negligent governments and ruthless demagogues to reckon with them. Humanitarian Blackout The decision to withdraw or withhold aid is one that is made with much consternation and soul-searching. It is often a choice of the lesser of two evils: continuing aid at the expense of strengthening the perpetrators, or withholding aid to defy the aggressors while risking the demise of an innocent population. In 1994, Medecins Sans Frontieres and the International Rescue Committee made the extremely difficult decision to withdraw from the refugee camps in Goma, Zaire, when it became evident that Hum extremists were manipulating relief assistance to fortify their military advantage. The dilemma of withdrawing assistance from a distressed population--what the former director of the European Community Humanitarian Office called a humanitarian blackout (1)--is still debated in a variety of forums. Some argue that certain compromises of conscience and the prospects of unwittingly feeding war criminals might be an acceptable price in order to simultaneously save innocent lives. There is also a popular, yet uncritically accepted, assumption that assistance can prolong war. Implied in this critique is a direct causal relationship between assistance and increased suffering. In fact, the opposite is true. Humanitarian relief efforts save tens of thousands of lives every year and relieve the suffering of countless more. Aid itself does not fuel war; rather it is the abuse of aid that can become destructive. In the face of atrocious and unforgiving situations, such as that in Zaire, some aid agencies have reacted with highly publicized departures. Beyond the immediate novelty of such a protest, the shame and blame gesture is time limited. Once removed from the scene, an agency's voice is no longer heard and it ceases to be influential. Arguably, more progress might be gained by staying the course through the insidious entreaties with local authorities to contend with their irritating presence. A case in point is the clash of civilizations between the terrorist breeders of Afghanistan and the coalition countries led by the United States. (2) The enemy is not terrorism; the enemy is ignorance and poverty. Terrorism is a cultural misunderstanding. It is fear of the unknown, contempt for foreign ideas, and paranoia born of ignorance. When the Taliban came to power in 1996, many relief agencies made a deliberate decision to remain engaged with this oppressive regime. This decision presumed that continued exchange and contact, as opposed to isolation and withdrawal, would be more persuasive in changing attitudes and opening the country to mutual understanding and tolerance. It was hoped that over time the active engagement by foreign agencies would broaden a worldview by their example and by the subtle infiltration of pluralistic ideas. Consider the simultaneously contradictory policies of the Clinton administration toward countries that violate human rights. In the case of China, the decision was made to engage in active relations despite its consistent violations of the rights of its citizens. …" @default.
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• W225313798 date "2002-04-01" @default.
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• W225313798 title "Relentless Humanitarianism. (Global Insights)" @default.
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